ISO/DIS 19085-1

ISO/TC 39/SC 4

Secretariat: UNI

Date:

Woodworking machines — Safety —

Part 1:
Common requirements

Machines à bois — Sécurité —

Partie 1: Exigences communes

DIS stage

Warning for WD’s and CD’s

This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.

© ISO 2025

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Contents

Foreword

Introduction

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Safety requirements and measures for controls

4.1 Safety and reliability of control systems

4.2 Control devices

4.3 Start

4.4 Safe stops

4.5 Braking function of tools

4.6 Operating modes

4.7 Tool speed changing

4.8 Failure of any power supply

4.9 Manual reset control

4.10 Standstill detection

4.11 Machine moving parts speed monitoring

4.12 Time delay

4.13 Teleservice

4.14 Protection against corruption

5 Safety requirements and measures for protection against mechanical hazards

5.1 Stability

5.2 Risk of break-up during operation

5.3 Tool and tool fixing design

5.4 Braking

5.5 Safeguards

5.6 Prevention of access to hazardous moving parts

5.7 Impact hazard

5.8 Clamping devices

5.9 Measures against ejection

5.10 Workpiece supports and guides

6 Safety requirements and measures for protection against other hazards

6.1 Fire

6.2 Noise

6.3 Emission of chips and dust

6.4 Electricity

6.5 Ergonomics and handling

6.6 Lighting

6.7 Pneumatics

6.8 Hydraulics

6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility

6.10 Laser

6.11 Static electricity

6.12 Errors of fitting

6.13 Isolation

6.14 Maintenance

7 Information for use

7.1 Warning devices

7.2 Marking

7.3 Instructions handbook

(informative) List of significant hazards

(informative) Performance level required

(normative) Test for braking function

(normative) Impact test for guards

(normative) Noise test code

Bibliography

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee SC 4, Woodworking machines, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 142, Woodworking machines - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 19085 series.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 19085-1:2021), which has been technically revised. The main changes are as follows:

• the way of reference from the specific parts of the ISO 19085 series to this document has been simplified, as well as its explanation in Introduction, and aligned to ISO drafting rules;
• the verification methods at the end of each subclause have been deleted, since self-evident;
• 4.2, 4.6, 4.7.3, 5.10 have been subdivided, for clearer reference from parts with further subclauses or to include more and differentiated requirements that can be cited in some other parts;
• in 4.2.2, requirements for hand-held control set have been added (taken from some specific parts);
• in 4.10, monitoring has been deleted, as well as the repetition on operational stop already in 4.4.3;
• in new 4.14, requirements for protection against corruption have been added;
• 5.1 just refers to ISO 12100, requirement for test has been deleted (moved to the four parts using it);
• in 6.3, the 1^st § has been corrected and reworded, and note 3 deleted since addressed to CADES;
• in 6.4, the required protection degree for electrical components or their enclosures has been changed to IP 52; connection plug requirement has been changed to wired in clockwise rotating field;
• in 6.6, the requirements for lighting have been clarified;
• 7.2 and 7.3 have been rearranged: method and language separated in 7.x.1, content merged in 7.x.2;
• Stability test (formerly in Annex C) has been deleted, and moved to the only four specific parts using it; hence, next annexes shifted down -1.

A list of all parts in the ISO 19085 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

The ISO 19085 series provides technical safety requirements for the design and construction of woodworking machinery, as well as for the content of the relevant instruction handbook. It concerns designers, manufacturers, suppliers and importers of the machines specified in the Scope of its parts.

This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety:

• machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
• health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups:

• machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
• machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
• service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
• consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate in the drafting process of this document.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards (as defined in ISO 12100), the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.

The full set of requirements for a particular type of woodworking machine are those given in the part of the ISO 19085 series applicable to that type, together with those requirements from this document that are cited in the applicable part of the ISO 19085 series. This document was developed, at its first edition, taking the requirements common to the sector from pre-existing specific EN standards.

For any woodworking machine not covered by a specific applicable part, this document can be used as a guide. Then, the designer needs to do a full risk assessment according to ISO 12100 and design the means for reducing the risks arising from relevant hazards. The ISO 19085 series reflects the State-of-the-Art of safety of the woodworking machinery sector: therefore, any subclause of any of its parts can also be helpful for solutions to similar risks.

In the specific parts of the ISO 19085 series, a subclause can refer to the same subclause of this document or give specific requirements or both. The specific text can be subdivided into further subclauses.

The ISO 19085 series is structured so that this document specifies the basic safety elements (like control devices, safeguards, guards’ materials, most common workpiece supports and guides, etc.) and the requirements on their design that are suitable to woodworking machines, while all other parts specify whether they are required for the relevant machine type and the requirements for their implementation on the machine. For the clearest possible reference among parts, all parts of the ISO 19085 series have exactly the same frame as of subclauses numbering and headings, and each part shows all subclauses headings, even those that are not relevant to it (stating so), in all cases where this avoids shifting the following subclauses down and losing their numbering correspondence with this document, which could be confusing.

Woodworking machines — Safety —

Part 1:
Common requirements

This document gives safety requirements and measures common to most of the woodworking machines, capable of continuous production use, designed to process solid wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood, with hand feed or integrated feed, hereinafter referred to as “machines”.

This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Transport, assembly, adjustment, maintenance, disabling, dismantling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.

This document is not applicable to machines intended for use in potential explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane

ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane

ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment

ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections

ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections

ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections

ISO 12100:2025, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction

ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design

ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design

ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Principles for design and selection

ISO 13856-1:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 1: General principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors

ISO 13856-2:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive edges and pressure-sensitive bars

ISO 13856-3:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 3: General principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive bumpers, plates, wires and similar devices

ISO 14118:2017, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up

ISO 14119:2024, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection

ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards

ISO/TR 11688-1:1995, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning

IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements

IEC 60529:1989+AMD1:1999, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

IEC 60825-1:2014, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements

IEC 61310-1:2007, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals

IEC 61439-1:2020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies — Part 1: General rules

IEC 61496-1:2020, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General requirements and tests

IEC 61496-2:2020, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs)

IEC 61496-3:2025, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 3: Particular requirements for active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDR)

IEC 61800-5-2:2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements — Functional

EN 847-1:2017, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 1: Milling tools, circular saw blades

EN 847-2:2017, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 2: Requirements for the shank of shank mounted milling tools/circular saw blades

EN 847-3:2013, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 3: Clamping devices

EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays

EN 1837:2020, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines

EN 50370-1:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools — Part 1: Emission

EN 50370-2:2003, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools — Part 2: Immunity

EN 50525-2-21:2011, Electric cables — Low voltage energy cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V (U0/U) — Part 2-21: Cables for general applications — Flexible cables with crosslinked elastomeric insulation

prEN 50742:2025, Safety of machinery — Protection against corruption

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2025, ISO 13849-1:2023 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

woodworking machine

machine designed to process wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood (3.2)

material with similar physical characteristics to wood

wood-based material such as chipboard, fibreboard and plywood, including when composed with plastic or light alloy laminates or edges or profiles, and solid wood composed with plastic or light alloy profiles or laminates or edges, as well as cork, bone, rigid rubber or plastics

Note 1 to entry: Examples for plastics are thermoplastic materials and thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, expanded plastic materials, polyurethane, phenol and polyvinylchloride (PVC).

easily machinable material

material, which, upon unexpected contact with a running tool, does not mechanically generate sparks and does not result in a damage of the tool

EXAMPLE Material with similar physical characteristics to wood, or light alloy.

control power-on

control that does not directly start any movement, but, after activation, enables providing power to machine actuators (3.5)

drive

machine actuator

power mechanism used to effect motion on the machine

operational stop

stop for operational reasons without cutting off the energy supply to the actuators, where the stop condition is monitored and maintained

run-up time

time elapsed from the actuation of the start control device until the spindle or machine part reaches the intended speed

run-down time

time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control device up to spindle or machine part standstill

normal processing mode

MODE 1

condition with all safeguards in place and functional, typically used for normal processing but not limited to it

feed

relative movement between workpiece and tools during machining

hand feed

manual feed

manual holding and/or guiding of the workpiece or machine element with incorporated tool during machining

Note 1 to entry: Hand feed includes the use of a hand-operated support on which the workpiece is placed manually or clamped and the use of a demountable power feed unit (3.13).

integrated feed

mechanical feed

powered feed (3.10) mechanism for the workpiece or tool which is integrated with the machine and where the workpiece or machine element with incorporated tool is held and guided mechanically during the machining operation

demountable power feed unit

adjustable powered feed (3.10) mechanism, which can be mounted onto the machine by the user

climb cutting

cutting where the projection of the movement of the cutting knife in direction of the feed (3.10) movement shows in the same direction as the relative movement of the workpiece against the tool

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1 a).

cutting against the feed

cutting where the projection of the movement of the cutting knife in direction of the feed (3.10) movement shows in the opposite direction as the relative movement of the workpiece against the tool

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1 b).

a) Climb cutting

b) Cutting against the feed

Key

1 tool, fixed axis

2 tool, moving axis

3 feed direction (work-piece)

4 work-piece (moving)

5 feed direction (tool)

6 work-piece (fixed)

Figure 1 — Climb cutting and cutting against the feed

boring tool

tool whose feed (3.10) movement during machining is only in direction of its axis of rotation

ejection

uncontrolled movement of the workpiece or parts of it or part of the tool from the machine during processing

kickback

particular form of ejection (3.17) describing the unexpected movement of the workpiece or parts of it opposite to the direction of the feed (3.10) during processing

anti-kickback device

device which either reduces the possibility of a kickback (3.18) or stops the movement of the workpiece or parts of it during the kickback

electro-sensitive protective equipment

ESPE

assembly of devices and/or components working together for protective tripping or presence-sensing purposes, and comprising at a minimum:

• a sensing device,
• controlling/monitoring devices,
• output signal switching devices

Note 1 to entry: Safety-related control systems associated with the ESPE or the ESPE itself can include a secondary switching device, muting functions, stopping performance monitor, start interlock, etc.

EXAMPLE Light beam (AOPD), laser scanner (AOPDDR), capacitive, active infrared, ultra-sonic and image monitoring equipment.

[SOURCE: ISO 13855:2024, 3.1.4, modified — The abbreviated term, examples and Note 1 to entry have been added.]

pressure-sensitive protective equipment

PSPE

assembly of devices and components triggered using the “mechanical activated trip” method to provide protection under hazardous situations

EXAMPLE Pressure-sensitive mats, bumpers, pressure-sensitive edges.

Note 1 to entry: PSPE generate a stopping signal by the use of different techniques, e.g. mechanical contacts, fibre-optic sensors, pneumatic sensors.

[SOURCE: ISO 13482:2014, 3.30, modified — In the example, "and bars" and "and floors" have been removed.]

teleservice

machine diagnosis (including trouble-shooting), software update and telecontrol (3.23) from a remote service site

telecontrol

control of the machine movements from a remote service site

Any safety function, either realized in electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanic technology, shall be designed and implemented in accordance with ISO 13849-1:2023.

Parts of machine control systems that are assigned to provide safety functions (ISO 12100:2025, 3.30) are called Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems (SRP/CS).

The ability of SRP/CS to perform a safety function under foreseeable conditions is allocated to one of five levels, called Performance Levels (PL).

NOTE The concept of PL belongs to SRP/CS: each safety function has its own PL, which can differ from other’s. So, no single PL exists for a machine, typically having more safety functions, and expressions like “machine PL” make no sense indeed.

The required Performance Level (PL_r) for each safety function is required in the relevant subclauses of Clause 4 and Clause 5.

Annex B summarizes the performance levels required for all safety functions.

Specific parts of the ISO 19085 series can introduce further safety functions not considered in this document or a PL_r different from that given in this document for the same safety function, depending on the risk assessment done for the relevant machine in accordance with ISO 12100:2025.

For machines for which no specific part of the ISO 19085 series exists, if the risk assessment results in a PL_r higher than that of this document for any safety function, the higher PL_r shall apply.

The Safety-Related Embedded Software (SRESW) of the SRP/CS shall be in accordance with
ISO 13849-1:2023, 7.1 and 7.3.

The Safety-Related Application Software (SRASW) of the SRP/CS shall be in accordance with
ISO 13849-1:2023, 7.1 and 7.4.

Verification that PL of each safety function and safeguard achieves PL_r shall be done in accordance with ISO 13849-1:2023, 8.

SRP/CS shall be validated in accordance with ISO 13849-1:2023, 10.

All hand-operated control devices shall be positioned between 600 mm and 1 800 mm above floor level. For electric control devices, see also IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 10.1.2.

It shall be possible to actuate the normal stop or emergency stop control device from the same operator position as the start control device.

Additional control devices for cycle start not including reset function, for operational stop and for normal stop may be provided on hand-held control sets with or without cable connection, taking account of the requirements of 4.4.4 for emergency stop.

Reset function control devices, control power-on control devices and mode selector shall not be fitted on hand-held control sets.

When a wireless control set loses its connection to the machine, an emergency stop shall be automatically activated.

The SRP/CS for the emergency stop activation in case of wireless control disconnection shall achieve PL_r = c.

Reset devices shall be situated outside the hazard zone in a position with a good view to the hazard zone. It shall not be possible to actuate the reset control device from inside the hazard zone.

Before start of the machine, all relevant safeguards shall be in place and operational. This is achieved by the arrangements described in 4.6 and 5.6.

Start shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose. Unintended actuation shall be impeded, e.g. by a control device with shroud.

Start of powered feed (integrated or demountable) shall only be possible when the tool involved in machining are running.

The SRP/CS for prevention of unexpected start shall achieve PL_r = c.

The SRP/CS for interlocking of start with safeguards shall achieve PL_r = c.

The SRP/CS for interlocking of power feed with tool rotation shall achieve PL_r = c.

For electrically operated machines, IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 7.5 and 9.2.3.2, shall apply.

Control power-on activation shall only be possible if all relevant safeguards are in place and operational. This is achieved by the interlocking arrangement, including PL required, described in 4.6 and 5.6.

The control power-on device shall be protected against unintended actuation, e.g. by shroud.

Cycle start shall only be possible after actuation of a control device provided for that purpose, and after control power-on activation.

The SRP/CS for prevention of unexpected control power-on shall achieve PL_r = c.

NOTE 1 The SRP/CS for unexpected control power-on include the input (e.g. push-button), the logic and the output (e.g. contactors).

The SRP/CS for interlocking of control power-on with safeguards shall achieve PL_r = c.

NOTE 2 The SRP/CS for interlocking of control power-on with safeguards include the input (safeguards signals), the logic and the output (e.g. contactors).

No PL is required for cycle start function.

Closure of interlocking movable guards or moving away from a triggered ESPE or PSPE shall not lead to an automatic start of dangerous movements. For each start, a deliberate action of the operator is required, i.e. safeguard reset.

NOTE 3 Dangerous movement means movement affecting the safety of the operator or other persons, not the integrity of the machine.

The stop function shall be realized in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.2:

1. in stop category 0 for machine actuators with spring-actuated mechanical brakes or without brakes;
2. in stop category 1 – or, for operational stop, in stop category 2 – for machine actuators with any other type of brakes, e.g. electrical brakes.

NOTE Electrical braking also includes deceleration by a frequency inverter.

For machine actuators stopped in stop category 0 or category 1, power shall be cut to these actuators except workpiece clamping (if fitted) unless respectively STO or SS1 according to IEC 61800-5-2:2016 is used.

At the end of the stopping sequence, clamping may be de-energized if this does not cause any hazard.

The machine shall be fitted with a stop control which, when activated, brings all dangerous movements safely to a stop.

If no emergency stop control is necessary, all normal stop control devices shall be push-buttons protruding from the control panel surface and having no shroud, and shall not be turn switches.

For normal stop of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety‑related), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.2 [safe torque off (STO)], and IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.3 [safe stop 1 (SS1)], shall apply.

The SRP/CS for normal stop (braking function excluded) shall achieve PL_r = c.

For operational stops, the stopping sequence shall be as follows.

1. Stop the machine actuators in stop category 2 according to IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.2, and keep workpiece clamping effective (if fitted).
2. Keep the standstill condition monitored and maintained after stopping.

For operational stop of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety‑related), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.4 [safe stop 2 (SS2)], and IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.4.2 [safe operating stop (SOS)], shall apply.

The SRP/CS for monitoring of the standstill condition shall achieve PL_r = c.

Machines with more than one machine actuator or where provision is made for use with more than one machine actuator (e.g. with a socket for a demountable power feed) shall be fitted with an emergency stop control, which, when activated, shall bring all dangerous movements safely to a stop. Electrical emergency stop control systems shall comply with the requirements of IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.3.4.2 and 10.7.

If an emergency stop control is fitted, the requirements of ISO 13850:2015 shall apply, and the control device shall be placed in accordance with 4.2.

For emergency stop of PDS(SR), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.2 [safe torque off (STO)], and IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.3 [safe stop 1 (SS1)], shall apply.

The SRP/CS for emergency stop (braking function excluded) shall achieve PL_r = c.

If tool drives are fitted with brakes, activation of a normal stop or an emergency stop shall cause an immediate activation of the brakes.

The SRP/CS for activation of the brakes shall achieve PL_r = c.

Where a spring-operated mechanical brake or any other type of brake not using electronic components is fitted, the last paragraph of IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.3.4, does not apply.

The braking process of electric brakes shall be performed either by direct current injection or by frequency inverter braking. Reverse current braking shall not be used.

Electric braking systems containing electronic components, excluding Power Drive System, Safety Related (PDS/SR), shall be designed in category 2 of ISO 13849-1:2023 (a higher category is allowed) with the exception that the test rate requirement in ISO 13849-1:2023, 6.1.3.2.4, is not applicable. The diagnostic coverage (DC_avg) shall be at least 60 %. For DC estimation, see ISO 13849-1:2023, Annex E. The SRP/CS for braking shall be tested, e.g. by measuring the braked run-down time. The feedback shall come from either the encoder fitted to the spindle motor or from the measurement of the residual current in the wires powering the motor. The test shall be:

1. independent from the basic control system for braking or an internal watchdog shall be provided in the control system for braking;
2. independent from the intention of the operator;
3. performed at each spindle stop (not limited to normal stop and emergency stop); and
4. followed by these consequences: latest after the third negative test result in succession, it shall not be possible to operate the machine; a negative test result shall be indicated (see also 7.1), unless the machine is stopped after the first negative test result.

For electric braking systems using only simple electronic parts like rectifiers, transistors, triacs, diodes, resistors, thyristors, the PFH_d according to ISO 13849-1:2023 shall be less than 3,8 × 10⁻⁶. For calculating the probability of occurrence of a dangerous failure for a simple electronic brake component with no fault detection (no DC) and no testing capability (category B and 1), the procedure described in ISO 13849-1:2023, Annex D, may be used.

The SRP/CS for electric braking systems shall achieve PL_r = b.

For braking function of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety related), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.3, on Safe Stop 1 (SS1), shall apply. The SRP/CS for SS1 of PDS(SR) shall achieve PL_r = c.

For brake release, see 5.4.3.

If it is necessary to operate the machine with safeguards disabled, i.e. not in normal processing mode (MODE 1), e.g. for setting or adjustment, the machine shall be fitted with a mode selector.

IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.3.5, shall apply.

Mode selection shall be in accordance with the following requirements (see also ISO 12100:2025, 6.2.11.10):

1. the mode selected shall override all other controls or operating modes, except emergency stop;
2. the mode selector shall be lockable in any position, e.g. by a key-operated switch;
3. changing the mode shall not initiate any movement of the machine;
4. when changing modes, the machine shall be brought to a safe stop, except when changing from a mode with safeguards disabled to the normal processing mode.

The SRP/CS for mode selection shall achieve PL_r = c.

On tool drives with speed changing by shifting the belts on the pulleys, before starting tool drives:

• the selected tool speeds shall be indicated at the operator’s position; or
• the belts positions with related tool speeds shall be visible from the operator’s position without opening any guard.

The SRP/CS for speed indication, if fitted, shall achieve PL_r = b.

See also IEC 61310-1:2007.

On tool drives with an incremental speed change motor, e.g. a change pole motor, the selected speed shall be indicated at the selector device.

The SRP/CS for speed selection shall achieve PL_r = c.

General

Tool drives equipped with an infinitely variable speed control (also known as frequency inverter) shall have speed monitoring.

The control for speed monitoring shall ensure that, as soon as the speed exceeds its intended value by more than 10 %, the drive is stopped automatically in stop category 0 according to IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.2.

NOTE A deviation of the speed from the intended value can be caused, for example, by an error in the transmission of the selected value between HMI and the inverter, or by an error in the rotary pulse generator of the infinitely variable speed control.

Speed intended value manually selected on HMI

Where the speed intended value is manually selected on the Human-Machine-Interface (HMI), the following requirements apply.

The SRP/CS for speed monitoring shall achieve PL_r = c.

For software parametrization, ISO 13849-1:2023, 6.3, shall apply.

NOTE Manual selection of the speed intended value includes manual confirmation of a value stored in the control system (e.g. by a program).

Speed intended value pre-set by the machine manufacturer

Where the speed intended value is pre-set by the machine manufacturer for each drive, the following requirements apply.

The SRP/CS for speed monitoring shall achieve PL_r = c.

For speed monitoring of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety‑related), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.4.5 [safely-limited speed (SLS)], shall apply.

Allowed tools indication in 7.2.2 p) and instruction in 7.3.2 d) 18) apply to this case.

NOTE The tool speed value selected by the operator or by the control system can be lower than the speed intended value pre-set by the machine manufacturer for the relevant drive.

Speed intended value selected by the control system

Where the speed intended value is selected by the control system (e.g. via the part-program) for each drive, no PL is required for the speed monitoring, and the speed intended value is either, with reference to the tool to be mounted on the relevant spindle each time:

• the tool speed maximum value stored by the user in the memory of the control system, or
• the tool speed value indicated in the part-program, which shall not be higher than the tool speed maximum value stored in the memory of the control system, if any (no PL required).

NOTE This is the state of the art for NC and CNC routing-boring machines as per ISO 19085-3.

In case of any power supply interruption, no dangerous situation shall occur, e.g. by loss of workpiece clamping during machining, or by unintended movement of machine parts caused by gravity or other energies like pneumatic or hydraulic.

In case of the return of any interrupted power supply, the automatic start of any dangerous movements shall be prevented.

Parameters affecting the safety functions of the machine shall not change in an uncontrolled way.

If non-return valves are used to maintain workpiece clamping, they shall be fitted directly at the actuating cylinders.

For electric supply, IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 7.5, shall apply.

The requirements of ISO 14118:2017, Clause 6, shall apply.

The requirements of ISO 13849-1:2023, 5.2.2.3, shall apply.

The SRP/CS for manual reset shall achieve PL_r = c.

Manual reset may be achieved by control power‐on circuit, where control power-on device fulfils the position requirements stated in 4.2 for manual reset devices.

If only one safeguard is triggered, safeguard local reset and process start may occur at the same time.

Standstill detection may be used for deactivation of guard locking (see 5.5.2.3) or other applications like interlocking with machine part movements.

NOTE Standstill detection can be achieved by detecting the electronic drive or the rotation of the spindle.

The SRP/CS for standstill detection shall achieve PL_r = c.

If a machine part movement is speed limited, the control for speed monitoring shall ensure that, as soon as the real speed exceeds the speed limit by more than 5 %, the drive is stopped automatically in stop category 0 according to IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.2.

For software requirements, ISO 13849-1:2023, 7, shall apply.

For limited speed monitoring of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety‑related), IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.4.5 (safely-limited speed, SLS), applies.

The SRP/CS for speed monitoring of moving parts (except tools) shall achieve PL_r = b.

If a time delay device is used to achieve a safe condition, the delay time shall be set at least to the maximum run-down time of the dangerous movements. Either the delay time shall be fix or the adjustment device shall be sealed.

The SRP/CS for the delay function shall achieve PL_r = c.

For machines with teleservice capability, the following requirements apply.

A secure connection line, e.g. VPN, shall be in place between the provider of the teleservice and customer.

During telecontrol, the connection line shall periodically be supervised to ensure it does not hang. Hanging communication lines shall be terminated on both ends, e.g. after a timeout of more than 1 min (no PL required).

The teleservice functions provided for diagnosis, software update and/or telecontrol shall be enabled from the machine side.

Indication that the teleservice mode is activated shall be provided at the machine (no PL required).

Any single machine shall be readily and clearly identifiable by the teleservice remote technician.

The emergency stop control function and all safety functions at the machine shall take precedence over any command issued from remote.

Any teleservice operation shall not activate control power-on, nor mode selection and shall neither suspend nor reset any safeguard or safety function.

When the telecontrol is activated, a warning shall appear on the control panel stating that the operator shall check that:

• all safeguards are in place and functional;
• the machine is in the normal processing mode (MODE 1); and
• they stay by the machine during all telecontrol operation, checking that nobody else is around the machine.

A confirmation of the above from the operator shall be required before starting the telecontrol function (no PL required).

prEN 50742:2025 shall apply.

ISO 12100:2025, 6.2.6 shall apply.

To reduce the probability of break-up during operation, the requirements of 5.3 shall apply. To reduce the effect of break-up during operation, the requirements of 5.9, 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 shall apply.

Unless the ejection of parts from the machines is prevented by enclosures, the design of workpiece feeding and guiding devices (e.g. feed rollers, fences and pushers) shall be such that their contact with the tool is prevented. If the possibility of contact between tools and parts of the machine cannot be excluded by design, any part of the machine that can come in contact with the tools shall be made of easily machinable material (as defined in 3.3).

The tool fixing shall be such that the tools do not become loose during start up, operation, run-down and braking, e.g. by using a positive connection between the spindle and the tool, or by using a positive connection between the front tool flange, if any, and the tool spindle.

Any tool supplied with the machine shall comply with the relevant standards.

NOTE Requirements for milling tools with cutting diameter over 16 mm, circular saw blades and milling tool holders are specified in EN 847-1:2017, EN 847-2:2017 and EN 847-3:2013.

When it is necessary to hold the spindle stationary for manual tool changing, a spindle holding/blocking device, for example a double spanner arrangement or an integral locking device, shall be provided.

For fixing of saw blades, flanges shall be provided.

Where two-parted flanges are provided, the clamping surface shall be at least 3 mm in width and recessed to the centre. The outer clamping diameter shall be equal for both parts within a tolerance of ±1 mm.

The outer clamping diameter of the flanges shall be at least D/4, where D is the diameter of the largest circular saw blade for which the machine is designed.

An automatic brake shall be provided for tool spindles where the un-braked run-down time exceeds maximum run-down time fixed in 5.4.2.

The braked run-down time shall be less than maximum run-down time fixed in 5.4.2.

In case of failure of power supply, maximum run-down time fixed in 5.4.2 may be exceeded.

The braking torque shall not be applied directly to the tool itself or to its flanges, if any.

The machine shall pass the test for braking function given in Annex C.

The maximum run-down time shall be 10 s.

NOTE Higher run-down time can be possible on specific machines and is indicated in the relevant specific part of the ISO 19085 series. For this reason, Subclause 5.6 considers also safeguards for machines with run-down time of more than 10 s.

Where a control is provided to release the mechanical brake in order to enable rotation by hand, release of the brake shall only be effective when the tool has stopped rotating.

If a time delay device is used, the requirements of 4.12 shall apply.

The actuator of the brake release shall be interlocked with the tool drive to prevent starting of the tool drive if the brake release function has not been reset.

The SRP/CS for the interlocking of the brake release with the tool drive shall achieve PL_r = c.

Fixed guards shall be designed in accordance with ISO 14120:2015.

Fixed guards that are to be demounted by the user, e.g. for maintenance and cleaning purposes, shall be fitted with fixing elements remaining attached to the machine or to the guard when the guard is removed, e.g. un-losable screws [see also 7.3.2 x)].

General

Movable guards shall be designed in accordance with ISO 14120:2015 and shall be with interlocking or with interlocking and guard locking.

Measures against defeating of interlocking devices shall be taken in accordance with ISO 14119:2024, Clause 8.

NOTE For electrical components characteristics, the information from component manufacturer can be useful.

Movable guards with interlocking

Guard interlocking shall fulfil the principles of ISO 14119:2024, 5.2.

The SRP/CS for guard interlocking shall achieve PL_r = c.

Movable guards with interlocking and guard locking

Guard interlocking with guard locking shall fulfil the principles of ISO 14119:2024, 5.3.

Guard interlocking with manually operated guard locking in accordance with ISO 14119:2024, E.5, may be applied if the time necessary for the guard to be unlocked is greater than the time necessary for the hazardous movement to cease.

NOTE Usually, this is the case if the run-down time for the hazardous movements is less than 10 s.

The manual operated release of the guard locking should not take much longer than 10 s to avoid incentive for defeating.

The SRP/CS for the interlocking shall achieve PL_r = c.

The SRP/CS for the guard locking shall achieve PL_r = c.

Where hazardous movements are controlled by a hold-to-run according to IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.3.7, the following requirements apply.

1. The hazard zone shall be completely visible from the place of the operator.
2. For linear movements, the stopping distance or the distance moved before the moving parts reverse shall be short enough to prevent any shearing, crushing or impact hazard.

The SRP/CS for hold-to-run shall achieve PL_r = c.

NOTE Push buttons according to IEC 60947-5-1 are not considered well tried components, since they only fulfil the requirement of category B, due to the potential failure not to open.

As an exception, the SRP/CS for hold-to-run may achieve PL_r = b, if:

• an emergency stop device is fitted in the vicinity of the hold-to-run control device; or
• the maximum speed of the movement cannot exceed 10 mm/s.

Where hazardous movements are controlled by a two-hand control device according IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.3.8, it shall be minimum of type III A as defined in ISO 13851:2019 and according to the following requirements.

1. The hazard zone shall be completely visible from the place of the operator.
2. The push-buttons of the two-hand control device and their position shall be arranged in accordance with ISO 13851:2019.

The SRP/CS for two-hand control shall achieve PL_r = c.

Electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) shall be designed and arranged in compliance with:

1. IEC 61496-1:2020 and IEC 61496-2:2020 and as minimum type 2 as defined in IEC 61496-2:2020 for active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPD), also known as light curtains or light barriers;
2. IEC 61496-3:2025 and as minimum type 3 as defined in IEC 61496-2:2020 for laser scanners (AOPDDR).

NOTE Specific parts of the ISO 19085 series give requirements for other types of ESPE, for example radar, where they are used.

The SRP/CS for the interlocking of dangerous movements with the ESPE shall achieve PL_r = c.

Pressure-sensitive protective equipment (PSPE) shall be designed and arranged in compliance with:

1. ISO 13856-1:2013 for pressure-sensitive mats;
2. ISO 13856-2:2013 for pressure-sensitive edges;
3. ISO 13856-3:2013 for pressure-sensitive bumpers and trip wires.

NOTE Specific parts of the ISO 19085 series give the requirements for other types of PSPE, for example trip plates and trip bars, where they are used.

The SRP/CS for the interlocking of dangerous movements with the PSPE shall achieve PL_r = c.

The requirements of IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 9.2.3.9 and 10.9, shall apply, and the control device shall be at least a two-position enabling switch.

The SRP/CS for enabling control shall achieve PL_r = c.

Access to power-driven moving machine parts causing shearing or crushing hazard or both shall be prevented, for example by guards or protective devices in accordance with 5.5.

Access to the tools shall be prevented by a combination of fixed guards (see 5.5.1) and interlocking movable guards (see 5.5.2 and ISO 12100:2025, 3.27). As an exception, for accessing tools, no interlocking movable guards are required, if all following conditions are met:

• run-down time of the tool is less than 10 s;
• access is required for tool change only;
• tool change is necessary less than once a week.

Movable guards for accessing tools require interlocking and guard locking. As an exception, only interlocking of the movable guards without guard locking may be provided for machines with manual feed and a run-down time of tools not higher than 10 s.

Where safeguarding of the part of the tools involved in machining is not possible by fixed or movable guards, access shall be prevented by one or any combination of the following means:

1. automatically adjustable guards;
2. manually adjustable guards;
3. impeding devices (see ISO 12100:2025, 3.29);
4. ESPE;
5. PSPE.

Access to hazardous movements of drives, e.g. for the tools or feed mechanism, shall be prevented by fixed guards, and, where access is required more than once a week, also by movable guards with interlocking. Movable guards shall be provided with interlocking and guard locking if the run-down time is higher than 10 s.

Where impact hazard due to contact between parts of the body (with the exception of forearm and hand) and moving machine parts or moving workpieces is not avoided by design of the machine or by the measures in 5.6, the speed of these movements shall not exceed 25 m/min, with speed monitoring in accordance with 4.11.

No other hazards, like hazards due to protruding screws or sharp edges, entanglement hazard, shearing or crushing, shall be present.

Where powered clamping is provided, crushing hazards shall be prevented by one of the following measures:

1. a two-hand control to control the clamping stroke (see 5.5.4);
2. reduction of the gap between clamp and workpiece to 6 mm or less by a manually adjustable device in combination with clamping stroke limitation to a maximum of 10 mm;
3. guarding of the clamp by a guard fixed to the clamping device to reduce the gap between workpiece and guard to less than 6 mm; the maximum extension of the clamp outside the guard shall not exceed 6 mm.

Machines shall be fitted with means or devices to minimize the risk of ejection, including kickback if any, for example:

1. guards; and, only for some machine types:
2. anti-kickback devices;
3. clamping devices for the workpieces (see 5.8).

The specific parts of the ISO 19085 series address the risk of ejection, if any, due to climb cutting or cutting against the feed.

Materials and thickness of guards

Guards aimed also at capturing ejected parts of machine or of workpiece shall be designed in accordance with 5.9.2.2 (guards of class A) or 5.9.2.3 (guards of class B) to withstand the estimated forces.

The specific parts of ISO 19085 series require the class of guards for the machines covered.

Guards of class A

Guards of class A shall be manufactured from any of the following:

1. steel with at least an ultimate tensile strength of 350 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 2 mm;
2. light alloy with at least:
3. an ultimate tensile strength of 180 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 5 mm;
4. an ultimate tensile strength of 240 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 4 mm;
5. an ultimate tensile strength of 300 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 3 mm;
6. polycarbonate with a wall thickness of at least 5 mm;
7. any material passing the impact test in Annex D, with the projectile specified in D.3.1 and D.3.2.

NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength, the value given by the provider is enough.

Guards of class B

Guards of class B shall be manufactured from any of the following:

1. steel with at least an ultimate tensile strength of 350 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 1,5 mm;
2. light alloy with at least an ultimate tensile strength of 110 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 2 mm;
3. polycarbonate with a wall thickness of at least 3 mm;
4. cast iron with at least an ultimate tensile strength of 200 N mm⁻² and a wall thickness of 5 mm;
5. any material passing the impact test in Annex D, with the projectile specified in D.3.1 and D.3.3.

NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength, the value given by the provider is enough.

Means for supporting and guiding the workpiece during machining shall be provided, e.g. tables, carriages, feed rollers, roller tables, roller rails, workpiece clamping devices, pressure devices, fences.

Wherever roller tables are used, shearing and crushing hazards between an automatically fed workpiece and rollers (e.g. at the out-feed end of the machine) shall be prevented by the following design (see Figure 2):

1. the gaps between the rollers shall be closed by infill plates;
2. the gaps between the rollers and the infill plates and between the first roller and the end of the machine shall be maximum 4 mm;
3. the infill plates between the rollers shall have a maximum depth below the top of the rollers of 8 mm.

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 2 — Safeguarding of gaps between the rollers of roller tables

Wherever roller rails are used, shearing and crushing hazards between an automatically fed workpiece and rollers shall be prevented by the following design (see Figure 3):

1. the roller width shall not be greater than 25 mm;
2. the roller diameter shall not be greater than 30 mm;
3. the distance between two consecutive idle rollers shall not be greater than 6 mm.

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 3 — Roller rail design

To minimize fire hazards, the requirements of 6.3 and 6.4 shall be met (see also 7.3).

Machinery shall be designed and constructed in such a way that risks resulting from the emission of noise are reduced to the lowest level, taking account of technical progress and the availability of means for reducing noise, in particular at source.

When designing woodworking machinery, the information and technical measures to control noise at the source given in ISO/TR 11688-1:1995 shall be taken into account. The success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of the actual noise emission values in relation to other machines of the same type with comparable non-acoustical technical data.

ISO/TR 11688-2:1998 provides useful information about noise generation mechanisms in machinery.

The most relevant noise sources of woodworking machines are: tools, motors, machining process.

The following list of technical measures for noise reduction at the source gives only examples of technical measures at the design stage and is not meant to be complete:

1. choice of low-noise machine components;
2. reduction of vibrations through the static and dynamic balancing of rotating parts;
3. reduction of vibrations within the machine by reducing both the mass of the moving parts and their acceleration;
4. choice and design of low-noise transmission components, e.g. gears, pulleys, belts, bearings;
5. design of the machine structure to take into account vibration damping and by avoidance of structural resonance;
6. exhausts remote from operating positions;
7. choice and design of the mounts for the drives;
8. choice and design of cooling fans with optimum clearance and possible inclusion of overspeed limiters;
9. sound deadening and vibration damping of hydraulic circuits, pumps and drives;
10. choice and design of low rotational speed components.

Alternative measures with identical or higher effectiveness may be used.

The following list gives examples for noise reduction by protective devices:

1. encapsulation of machine parts;
2. machine enclosure;
3. partial enclosures;
4. screens;
5. mufflers/silencers.

The measurement of noise emission is the way to determine the residual risk due to noise.

Annex E shall apply for the noise test and declaration of woodworking machines.

A chips and dust capture device, typically a hood with an extraction outlet, shall be provided and shall enclose the area of dust generation, except for boring tools.

The opening of the capture device should face the projection. Where the opening of the capture device cannot face the projection, the flow of chips and dust shall be guided efficiently to the opening of the capture device.

The opening of the capture device shall be large enough to capture the chips and dust projected.

NOTE 1 The size of the opening of the capture device depends on the emission pattern and the distance between the emission source and the opening of the capture device.

The capture device shall be designed in order to minimize pressure drop and material build up, e.g. by avoiding abrupt change of direction of extracted chips and dust, sharp angles and obstacles causing a risk for hanging of chips and dust.

The conveying of chips and dust between the capture device and the machine connection to the chips and dust extraction system (CADES), especially flexible connections of moving units, shall follow the requirements to minimize pressure drop and material build up.

To ensure that the chips and dust extracted from the point of origin are conveyed to the collection system, the design of the hoods, ducts and baffles should be based on a conveying velocity of extracted air in the duct of 20 m s⁻¹ for dry chips and 28 m s⁻¹ for wet chips (moisture content 18 % or above).

The pressure drop between the inlet of all capture devices and the connection to the CADES should not exceed 1 500 Pa (at air velocity in the ducts of 20 m s⁻¹).

Unintended access to the rotating tools through any dust extraction outlet shall be impeded, but the requirements of ISO 13857:2019 on fixed guards and distance guards do not apply here, due to their negative impact on the extraction of chips and dust.

NOTE 2 The risk of explosion usually does not exist on woodworking machines. If relevant, the risk is covered in a specific part of the ISO 19085 series.

With the exception of 6.3.3, the requirements of IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021 shall apply, unless stated otherwise in this document (e.g. see 4.5, 3^rd §).

For the requirements regarding prevention of electric shock due to direct contact, IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 6.2, shall apply.

For the requirements regarding protection against short circuits, excluding the part of electric circuit between the machine main switch and the different circuit branches (also known as “feeder circuit”) and overloading, IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, Clause 7, shall apply.

The machine manufacturer shall provide the protective bonding system of the machine up to the PE terminal and shall provide the user with information on how to complete the protection against electric shock due to indirect contact [see 7.3.2 v)].

The machine manufacturer shall provide the user with information on how to provide the protection against short circuiting of the part of electric circuit between the machine main switch and the different circuit branches [see 7.3.2 w)].

NOTE 1 The protection against short circuiting of the part of electric circuit between the machine main switch and the different circuit branches is not up to the machine manufacturer.

The degree of protection of the enclosures for electrical components and of all electric components outside enclosures shall be at least IP 52 in accordance with IEC 60529:1989+AMD1:1999+AMD2:2013, except for monitors, displays, mice of the HMI and label printers.

Electrical enclosures shall not be exposed to risk from the ejection of tools and workpieces. Live parts shall not be accessible in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 6.2.2. Power circuits shall be protected against over current in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 7.2.3, and this eliminates fire risk.

Only the following tests in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, Clause 18, are required to be performed:

• test 1 for the continuity of the protective bonding circuit in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 18.2;
• the functional test in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 18.6.

If a power supply cord is permanently fitted to the machine, it shall be of type H07 in accordance with the requirements of EN 50525-2-21:2011.

Machines with connection plug to three phases power supply shall be fitted with a plug wired in clockwise rotating field.

NOTE 2 For electrical components, information on their characteristics from their suppliers can be useful.

The machine and its control devices shall be designed according to ergonomic principles (see EN 1005-4) for work posture which is not fatiguing.

The positioning, labelling and illumination (if necessary) of control devices, and features for materials and tool set handling shall be in accordance with ergonomic principles (see EN 894-1, EN 894-2, EN 894-3 and EN 1005-1, EN 1005-2 and EN 1005-3).

Parts of the machine with a mass exceeding 25 kg and which are required to be lifted for normal use with a lifting device shall include the necessary attachments to accommodate the fitting of a lifting device or lugs positioned such as to avoid their overturn or fall or move in an uncontrolled way during transport, assembly, dismantling and scrapping.

Tanks containing hydraulic fluid, compressed air drainers and oilers shall be placed or oriented in such a way that the filler and drain pipes can be easily reached.

NOTE Further guidance is given in IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, EN 614-1 and EN 614-2.

Local lighting shall be provided for process checking or setting in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 15.2, and shall be designed in accordance with EN 1837:2020.

For machines fitted with pneumatic equipment, the requirements of ISO 4414:2010 shall apply.

For machines fitted with hydraulic equipment, the requirements of ISO 4413:2010 shall apply.

The machine shall have immunity to electromagnetic disturbances in accordance with EN 50370-2:2003. IEC 61439-1:2020 and EN 50370-1:2005 shall also apply.

NOTE Machines which incorporate CE-marked electrical components, and where such components and cabling are installed in accordance with their respective manufacturer’s instructions, are generally considered to be protected against external electromagnetic disturbances.

If the machine is fitted with a laser to indicate the cutting lines, the laser shall be of category 2, 2M or a lower risk category in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60825-1:2014.

The laser shall be fitted to the machine so that warnings on the laser itself remain visible [see also 7.2.1 i)].

All provisions from the laser manufacturer associated to the installation and the use of the laser shall be fulfilled. The instruction for use of the laser shall be repeated in the instruction manual. Warning label and advice on use of eye protection, if any, shall be provided on the machine near the operator's position.

NOTE For the laser characteristics, a confirmation from the manufacturer of the laser can be useful.

If the machine is fitted with flexible hoses for chips and dust extraction, the hoses shall be flame-retardant. They shall also be antistatic (i.e. with maximum electrical resistance of 1 GΩ per meter) or able to lead charge to earth potential via a metallic spiral. Both ends of this spiral shall be earthed.

Taking into account a residual gap between tool and its enclosure of 10 mm, it shall not be possible to fit a tool of greater diameter than the largest tool for which the machine is designed.

The requirements of ISO 12100:2025, 6.3.5.4, and of ISO 14118:2017, Clause 5, shall apply.

The electric power supply to the machine shall be controlled by a supply disconnecting device in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 5.3.3.

If the machine is fitted with any braking system other than a mechanical brake, the electrical supply disconnecting device shall fulfil either of the following:

1. be equipped with a blocking device, by which it shall only be possible to switch off the electrical supply disconnecting device after manually overriding the blocking device; or
2. not be situated on the same side of the machine as the stop controls; or
3. be situated at the same side of the machine control panel as the stop control devices at a horizontal distance of at least 1 200 mm from these control devices.

The machine shall have means to isolate pneumatic energy (if provided). These means shall conform to ISO 4414:2010, 5.2.8.

If pneumatic energy is also used for other purposes than clamping, it shall be possible to isolate the pneumatic supply by a manually operated lockable mechanical valve in accordance with ISO 4414:2010, 5.2.8, first indent. The device shall include means permitting it only to be locked in the off position (e.g. by a padlock). Dumping pneumatic pressure shall not be by disconnection of a pipe.

For pneumatic systems without devices capable of storing pneumatic energy and without devices capable of making dangerous movements after being isolated from the pneumatic power supply, a quick action coupling (see ISO 4414:2010) without the means for locking is acceptable. In this case, the isolated machine (or part of machine) shall be easy enough to survey so that the disconnected coupling can be under the control of the person making an intervention on the machine at all times.

The machine shall have means to isolate hydraulic power (if provided). These means shall conform to ISO 4413:2010.

Where the machine has a hydraulic system that is powered by an integral electrically operated hydraulic pump, isolation of the hydraulic power is allowed by disconnecting the electrical supply. Where hydraulic energy is stored, e.g. in a reservoir or pipe, safe means for dumping of residual pressure shall be provided. Safe means can include a valve but does not include disconnection of any pipe.

The basic principles of ISO 12100:2025, 6.2.15, shall be observed, and in addition, at least the information for maintenance listed in ISO 12100:2025, 6.4.5.1 e), shall be provided.

The machine shall be supplied with all special equipment and accessories for all maintenance operations intended to be carried out by the user.

The machine shall be designed so that maintenance and cleaning can be undertaken wherever possible when the machine is disconnected from all energy sources (see also 7.3).

The exterior of the machine shall be designed in order to ease the daily cleaning of chips and dust not extracted by chips and dust extraction systems. Where guards need to be opened for cleaning, such guards shall be in accordance with 5.5.2.

If dumping of residual pneumatic or hydraulic pressure allows movement of any machine component, then pressure shall be maintained in the system to prevent such movement, and dumping of the residual pneumatic or hydraulic pressure shall be by a voluntary action on a separate control.

The basic principles of ISO 12100:2025, 6.4.3, shall be observed.

If the machine is equipped with an electrical braking system with electronic control system (excluding PDS/SR), the negative result of the periodical test required in 4.5 shall be indicated in close proximity to the stop control device for the corresponding spindle drive motor (e.g. by a yellow warning light).

Optical signals shall be clearly visible from the operators’ places.

The information to be marked on the machine as per 7.2.2 shall be marked legibly and indelibly throughout the expected life of the machine, either directly on the machine (e.g. by engraving, etching) or by using labels or plates permanently fixed to the machine (e.g. by riveting or stickers).

All information presented on the machine, including warnings, shall be preferably by pictograms, or written in a language easily understandable by the user.

If graphical symbols related to the operation of actuators are used, they shall be in accordance with IEC 61310-1:2007, Table A.1.

The following information, where relevant, shall be marked on the machine:

1. name and address of the machine manufacturer and, where applicable, the business name and full address of the authorized representative;
2. designation of the machinery and designation of series or type;
3. year of construction; that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed;
4. serial or identification machine number, if any;
5. rating information (mandatory for electro-technical products: voltage, frequency, nominal current, in accordance with IEC 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 16.4);
6. if the machine is equipped with a pneumatic supply and a manually operated lockable mechanical valve in accordance with ISO 4414:2010, 5.2.8, first indent is provided, a permanent warning label shall be placed in proximity to the electrical supply disconnection device, warning that the pneumatic supply is not isolated by isolation of the electrical supply;
7. on machines fitted with a hydraulic system, nominal pressure for the hydraulic circuits;
8. on machines fitted with a pneumatic system, nominal pressure for the pneumatic circuits;
9. function of all isolators shall be marked in a position on the machine in close proximity to the relevant isolator;
10. if the machine is fitted with a laser, a warning label and advice on use of eye protection, if required, shall be provided on the machine near the operator's position;
11. other product marks, as necessary (for example, the CE mark in the EU);
12. if the machine is equipped with scales, the scales shall be marked in accordance with EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008;
13. if the machine is equipped with tools, the tools shall be marked in accordance with EN 847-1:2017;
14. an arrow showing the direction of rotation for tool spindles having one direction of rotation and a double arrow for tool spindles which can rotate in both directions;
15. On tool drives with speed varying by shifting the belts on the pulleys, a diagram showing the speed values in min⁻¹ for each combination of belts and pulleys, positioned close to the drive system or on the movable guard giving access to the drive system;
16. for each drive with frequency inverter where the relevant speed intended value is pre-set by the machine manufacturer as per 4.7.3.3, a label, like Figure 4, positioned close to the drive, indicating the intended value of the drive speed and that tools allowed to be mounted are only those with a maximum rotational speed, n_max, equal to or greater than the intended value of the drive speed.

NOTE Figure 4 is an example label, so it contains an example (5 000 min^-1) for the intended value of the drive speed: each actual label will show the actual intended value (in min^-1) for the relevant drive.

Figure 4 — Example of a label for drives with pre-set speed intended value

Instructions shall be in a language easily understandable by the user.

The instruction handbook shall include, where relevant:

1. a repetition of the markings, pictograms and other instructions on the machine required in 7.2.2 and, if necessary, their explanation;
2. the description of the intended use of the machine, and description of foreseeable misuses;
3. warnings regarding residual risks as:
4. instructions on factors that influence exposure to noise, including:
5. the choice of low-noise tools;
6. the correct speed selection;
7. the tools and machine maintenance;
8. the type of material being machined;
9. the significance and use of any enclosure provided; and
10. the use of ear protection;
11. information on factors that influence exposure to dust, including:
12. the level of tool and machine maintenance;
13. the material being machined;
14. the importance of local extraction (capture at source);
15. the proper adjustment of hoods/baffles/chutes; and
16. the machine connection to an external chips and dust extraction system which ensures parameters given in instruction for use;
17. to indicate that, in case of power supply failure, the tool can rotate for more than the maximum run-down time (see 5.4.2);
18. instruction for safe use in accordance with ISO 12100:2025, 6.4.5.1 d), including:
19. the working area around the machine to be levelled and kept well-maintained, unobstructed and free from loose material, e.g. chips and off-cuts;
20. wearing suitable personal protective equipment when necessary. This can include:
21. ear protection to reduce the risk of induced hearing loss;
22. respiratory protection to reduce the risk of inhalation of harmful dust;
23. gloves for handling tools (tools should be carried in a holder wherever practicable); and
24. eye protection;
25. reporting faults or defects in the machine, including guards or tools, as soon as they are discovered;
26. adopting safe procedures for cleaning, maintenance and remove chips and dust regularly to avoid the risk of fire;
27. following tool manufacturer’s instructions for use, adjustment and repair of tools;
28. ensuring that the maximum rotational speed marked on the tools is not exceeded;
29. the type of tools and recommended speed for different materials that can be machined;
30. information how to change the tools;
31. recommendation on care to be taken when handling tools and on use of tool carriers wherever practicable;
32. not removing dust, chips, splinters or any other part of the workpiece from the cutting area while the machine is running;
33. not using the machine unless the guards and other safety devices necessary for machining are in position, in good working order and properly maintained;
34. information that operators shall be adequately trained in the use, adjustment, setting and operation of the machine, with special regard to guards and protective devices and how to carry out regular examination of them;
35. instruction on the correct use of safety appliances;
36. how to isolate the machine from all power sources;
37. instruction to minimize noise levels including also condition and maintenance of the tools and guards positioning;
38. instruction that the dust extraction equipment is to be switched on before commencing machining;
39. information that the machine when in operation can create sources of ignition;
40. for machines with drives with frequency inverter where the relevant speed intended value is pre-set by the machine manufacturer as per 4.7.3.3, instruction to use only milling tools and saw blades rated for a speed equal to or higher than the speed intended value of each drive indicated by the corresponding warning label [see 7.2.2 p)];
41. warning that the machine is producing wood dust, and therefore instruction to connect it, at installation, to a chips and dust extraction system (CADES) designed in accordance with relevant safety technical standards, for example EN 12779:2015 or EN 16770:2018, or any other;
42. information regarding needed performances of the CADES to be connected by the user at each connection outlet of the machine, as follows:
43. necessary airflow in m³ h⁻¹;
44. pressure drop at the recommended air velocity;
45. recommended conveying air velocity in the duct in m s⁻¹;
46. cross section dimensions of each connection outlet;
47. where necessary, instruction to fix the machine to the floor and how to do this;
48. instruction for a safe transportation of machines, including at least the mass, the lifting points and lifting methods;
49. minimum and maximum sizes of the workpieces that can be processed by the machine;
50. the range of tool dimensions, tool mass and tool momentum of inertia, which are suitable for the machine;
51. instruction to use only sharpened tools and to sharpen tools according to the relevant instruction;
52. instruction on the lighting conditions necessary in the location where the machine is installed;
53. information that whenever possible, maintenance shall be only done if the machine is isolated from all energy sources and unintended start is prevented;
54. if fitted with a hydraulic or a pneumatic system, the method for the safe dissipation of residual energy (see 6.8 and 6.9);
55. those safety devices which shall be tested, how frequently the tests shall be carried out and the test method. This shall include, if fitted, at least the following:
56. emergency stops — by functional test;
57. interlocking movable guards — by opening each guard in turn to stop the machine and by proving an inability to start the machine with each guard in the open position;
58. interlocking movable guards with guard locking — by checking the impossibility to open each guard in turn until the machine is stopped and to start the machine as long as a guard is open;
59. any ESPE and PSPE devices — by functional testing;
60. the brakes — by functional testing to check that the spindles are braked within the specified time;
61. if fitted with mechanical brakes, the minimum number of braking cycles and the method of refurbishment (replacement);
62. the declaration of noise emission values according to F.8.
63. if fitted with a laser:
64. statement that no exchange with a different class of laser is permitted, that no additional optical equipment shall be used and that repair shall only be carried out by the laser manufacturer or authorized persons;
65. repetition of the laser manufacturer instructions for setting and use of the laser (where appropriate);
66. information on conditions necessary to ensure that throughout the foreseeable lifetime, the machine including its components cannot overturn or fall or move in an uncontrolled way during transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping;
67. the operating method to be followed in the event of accident or breakdown; if a blockage is likely to occur, the operating method to be followed so as to enable the equipment to be safely unblocked;
68. the identification data of the spare parts to be changed by the user, when these affect the health and safety of operators (parts to be changed only by the manufacturer or personnel charged by the manufacturer are excluded);
69. information on how to complete protection against electric shock due to indirect contact in the machine, e.g. by a device for automatic disconnection of the power supply to be installed by the user in the line powering the machine (RCD) and to make test 2 in accordance with ISO 60204-1:2016+A1:2021, 18.2.3;
70. information on how to provide protection against short circuits of the part of electric circuit between the machine main switch and the different circuit branches (also known as “feeder circuit”) as far as relevant;
71. description of fixed guards which have to be removed by the user for maintenance and cleaning purposes (guards to be dismounted only by the manufacturer or personnel charged by the manufacturer are excluded);
72. information for changing safety-related components with lifetime (mission time or T10_d according to ISO 13849-1:2023, whichever the less) lower than 20 years;
73. where teleservice is provided, instruction that:
74. the operator shall be present at the machine when telecontrol is activated.
75. Before software update, the operator at the machine shall check that the machine is on, in normal stop condition and empty from workpieces and shall confirm it to the service technician in remote.
76. instruction for safe use, which shall also include:
77. when using milling tools with diameter ≥16 mm and circular saw blades, they shall conform to EN 847-1:2017 and EN 847-2:2017; tool holders shall conform to EN 847-3:2013;
78. to adequately support the workpiece during machining and feeding, using, where necessary, additional support, e.g. for long workpieces;
79. instruction that the noise enclosures, where provided and not interlocked, shall remain in the closed position to ensure the most efficient noise reduction;
80. instruction to stop the machine whilst unattended;
81. instruction that, before manually changing any tool, the spindles shall be stopped and standstill of all tools shall be waited for.
82. 
    (informative)
    
    List of significant hazards

This annex contains those significant hazards, hazardous situations and events that are common to most woodworking machines, designed to process solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood, with hand feed or integrated feed.

These hazards are listed in Table A.1, in correlation with the relevant clauses of this document, as a guide for the full risk analysis to be done for machines with no specific part of the ISO 19085 series.

Table A.1 — List of significant hazards

1. 
   (informative)
   
   Performance level required

Table B.1 summarizes the performance levels required for all safety functions. However, Clauses 4 and 5 give the full requirements.

Table B.1 — Safety functions and their performance level required (PL_r)

1. 
   (normative)
   
   Test for braking function
   1. Conditions for all tests
2. The spindle unit shall be set in accordance with the intended use of the machine (as stated in the instruction handbook, see 7.3).
3. When selecting the speed and the tools for the tests, conditions shall be chosen which create the greatest kinetic energy for which the machine is designed.
4. Before beginning the test, the spindle unit shall be run for at least 3 min at idle speed.
5. Verify that the actual spindle speed is within ±10 % of the intended speed.
   1. Un-braked run-down time

The un-braked run-down time shall be measured as follows.

1. Start the tool spindle drive motor and run at the intended speed (no load) for 1 min.
2. Cut power to the spindle drive motor and measure the un-braked run-down time.
3. Repeat steps a) and b) twice more.

The un-braked run-down time is the average of the three measurements taken.

• 1. Braked run-down time

The braked run-down time shall be measured as follows.

1. Start the tool spindle drive motor and run at the intended speed (no load) for 1 min.
2. Initiate the stopping sequence and measure the braked run-down time.
3. Allow the spindle to rest for not more than  min, where P is the motor power (rated input) in kW and factor c = 7,5 kW. The re-start interval shall not be less than 1 min.
4. Re-start the spindle drive motor and run at no-load for not more than  min, where P is the motor power (rated input) in kW and factor c = 7,5 kW. The idle running time shall not be less than 1 min.

The test is repeated 9 more times.

The braked run-down time is the average of the 10 measurements taken. The standard deviation of the 10 measurements shall not exceed 10 % of this average, otherwise the test shall be repeated.

• 1. Run-up time

The run-up time shall be measured as follows.

1. Start the tool spindle drive motor and measure the run-up time (see 3.7).
2. Stop the tool spindle drive motor and allow the spindle to come to a complete stop.

The test is repeated 2 times.

The run-up time is the average of the 3 measurements taken.

• 1. Test report

The test report shall give at least the following information:

1. the date and place of the test;
2. the description of the machine tested;
3. the test results.
4. 
   (normative)
   
   Impact test for guards
   1. General

This annex defines tests for guards to be used in order to minimize risks of ejection of parts of tools or of workpieces out of the working zone (see 5.9).

This test reproduces the hazard of the ejection of tools parts or of workpieces and allows to estimate the resistance of guards against penetration and dislodgement from the machine by ejected parts from machine or workpiece.

This annex is applicable to guards, as well as to samples of guards’ material.

• 1. Test equipment

The test equipment comprises a propulsion device, a projectile, a support for the test object and a system that allows to measure or record the impact speed with an accuracy of at least ±5 %.

As an example, the propulsion device can consist of a compressed air vessel with flanged gun barrel (see Figure D.1). The compressed air may be released by a valve to accelerate the projectile toward the test object. The air gun is fed by an air compressor. The speed of the projectile may be controlled by the pressure of the air.

The projectile speed is measured near the nozzle of the gun barrel by a suitable speedometer, e.g. proximity sensor or photocell.

Key

1 speedometer

2 gun barrel

3 projectile

4 control panel

5 compressed-air vessel

6 test object

Figure D.1 — Example of equipment for impact test

• 1. Projectiles
     1. General

The projectile shall be made from steel with the following characteristics:

1. tensile strength: R_m = 560 N mm⁻² to 690 N mm⁻²;
2. yield strength: R_0,2 ≥ 330 N mm⁻²;
3. elongation at rupture: A ≥ 20 %;
4. hardened to  HRC over depth of at least 0,5 mm.
   • 1. Projectile for class A guards testing

For testing of class A guards, the mass of the projectile shall be 100 g, and its shape and dimensions are given in Figure D.2.

Key

D 20 mm

a 10 mm

L length

Figure D.2 — Projectile for class A guards’ tests

• • 1. Projectile for class B guards testing

For testing of class B guards, the projectile shall be a ball of 8 mm diameter.

• 1. Sampling

The test shall be carried out with the guard or a sample of the guard material. The guard support shall be equivalent to the guard mounting on the machine. For testing guard materials, samples may be used, fixed on a frame with an inner opening of 450 mm × 450 mm. The frame shall have a rigidity higher than that of the sample; no deformation of the frame shall be possible during the test. The mounting of the sample shall be by non-positive clamping.

• 1. Test procedure

The impact test shall be executed with the relevant projectile indicated in D.3 and an impact speed of 70 m s⁻¹ ± 3,5 m s⁻¹.

Alternatively, a drop test can be performed with the same impact energy. The same impact energy can be obtained, e.g. by adding a mass to the rear of the projectile in Figure D.2 and reducing the impact speed, taking into account the height of drop.

Impact shall be as square to the material sample surface or the guard surface as possible. The targets for the projectiles shall be the weakest and most unfavourable spot on the guard or the centre of material sample.

• 1. Results

After the impact, damages found on the guard or material shall be assessed as follows:

1. buckling/bulging (permanent deformation without crack);
2. incipient crack (visible only on one surface);
3. through crack (crack visible from one surface to the other);
4. penetration (projectile penetrating the test object);
5. guard window loosened from its fixing;
6. guard loosened from guard support.
   1. Assessment

The test is passed if there is no through crack or penetration of the test object and if there are no damages e) and/or f) in accordance with the requirements of D.6.

• 1. Test report

The test report shall give at least the following information:

1. the date and place of the test;
2. name of the testing institute and the applicant identification if relevant;
3. the projectile mass, dimensions, speed;
4. the design, material and dimensions of the test object;
5. the clamping or fixing of the test object;
6. the direction of shock, point of impact of the projectile;
7. the test results;
8. a reference to this document (i.e. ISO 19085-1:2026).
9. 
   (normative)
   
   Noise test code
   1. General

This noise test code specifies all information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized conditions the determination, declaration and verification of the noise emission values of woodworking machinery.

The determination of these values is necessary for:

• manufacturers to declare the noise emitted;
• comparing the noise emitted by machines in the family concerned;
• purposes of noise control at source at the design stage.

It specifies the noise measurement methods and mounting and operating conditions (see E.4 and E.5) for the test.

The use of this noise test code ensures the reproducibility of the measurements and the comparability of the noise emission values within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic measurement method used.

For noise measurement, grade 2 (engineering grade) is preferred with the benefit of having a lower uncertainty, but grade 3 (survey grade) is allowed if it is justified that grade 2 method is not applicable.

• 1. Determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations
     1. Basic standards and measurement procedure

The determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level shall be carried out using one of the standards:

• for grade 2 measurement:
• ISO 11201:2010 with grade 2 of accuracy; or
• ISO 11202:2010 with grade 2 of accuracy; or
• ISO 11204:2010 with grade 2 of accuracy; and
• for grade 3 measurement:
• ISO 11202:2010 with grade 3 of accuracy; or
• ISO 11204:2010 with grade 3 of accuracy.

NOTE Useful information about the various methods for measuring the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations can be found in ISO 11200:2014.

• • 1. Measurement time interval

The measurement time interval at each microphone position for machines without an operational cycle, i.e. the sound pressure level does not vary with time, shall be at least 10 s. For machines with an operational cycle the measurement time interval shall be extended to an integer number of consecutive operational cycles. Where necessary, the relevant specific parts of the ISO 19085 series specify alternative measurement time intervals.

• • 1. Position of microphones at workstations

The determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level shall be carried out at all designated operators’ positions defined by the manufacturer in the instruction handbook following the specifications in the basic standards listed in E.2.1.

Where the workstations are undefined or cannot be defined, A-weighted emission sound pressure levels shall be determined at a distance of 1 m from the surface of the machinery and at a height of 1,6 m from the floor or access platform. The position and value of the maximum A-weighted emission sound pressure shall be recorded, reported and declared.

• • 1. Measurement uncertainty

In the current absence of data for uncertainty contributions and possible correlations between input quantities, the following values shall be used.

1. If a grade 2 (engineering) method is used, the standard deviation of reproducibility for A-weighted levels is 1,5 dB, resulting in a measurement uncertainty, K, of 2,5 dB if the operating conditions of the machine are stable, which is normally the case for woodworking machines.
2. If a grade 3 (survey) method is used, the standard deviation of reproducibility for A-weighted levels is 2,5 dB, resulting in a measurement uncertainty, K, of 4 dB if the operating conditions of the machine are stable, which is normally the case for woodworking machines.

These values are taken from the basic standards and are upper values. Manufacturers may aim at high stability of the machine mounting and operating conditions given in E.4 and E.5 in order to achieve a total standard deviation that is close to the standard deviation of reproducibility.

NOTE Detailed information about uncertainty is given in ISO 11201:2010, Clause 11; ISO 11202:2010, Clause 12 and ISO 11204:2010, Clause 11 (see also ISO 4871:1996).

• 1. Determination of the A-weighted sound power level
     1. Basic standards and measurement procedure

The determination of the A-weighted sound power level shall be carried out using ISO 3744:2010 for grade 2 measurement or for grade 3 measurement ISO 3746:2010.

The measurement surface shall be a rectangular parallelepiped with sides parallel to those of the reference box, each side being spaced a distance of 1 m (the measurement distance) from the corresponding side of the reference box.

As of dimensions, those elements which protrude from the machine and which are not likely to contribute to the noise emission (e.g. hand-wheels, levers) may be disregarded.

NOTE Useful information about the various methods for measuring the A-weighted sound power level of noise sources can be found in ISO 3740:2019.

• • 1. Sound power level determination on very large machines

For very large machines, where one or more dimensions of the machine exceed 7,0 m, instead of the sound power level, the A-weighted emission sound pressure at specified positions around the machine shall be determined, at a distance of 1,0 m from the surface of the machine, and at a height of 1,6 m from the floor, or access platform. Measurement positions shall not be more than 2 m apart.

• • 1. Measurement time interval

The measurement time interval at each microphone position for machines without an operational cycle, i.e. the sound pressure level does not vary with time, shall be at least 10 s. For machines with an operational cycle the measurement time interval shall be extended to an integer number of consecutive operational cycles. Where necessary, the relevant specific parts of the ISO 19085 series specify alternative measurement time intervals.

• • 1. Measurement uncertainty

In the current absence of data for uncertainty contributions and possible correlations between input quantities, the following values shall be used:

1. If a grade 2 (engineering) method is used, the standard deviation of reproducibility for A-weighted levels is 1,5 dB, resulting in a measurement uncertainty, K, of 2,5 dB if the operating conditions of the machine are stable, which is normally the case for woodworking machines.
2. If a grade 3 (survey) method is used, the standard deviation of reproducibility for A-weighted levels is 2,5 dB, resulting in a measurement uncertainty, K, of 4 dB if the operating conditions of the machine are stable, which is normally the case for woodworking machines.

These values are taken from the basic standards and are upper values. Manufacturers may aim for high stability of the machine mounting and operating conditions given in E.4 and E.5 in order to achieve a total standard deviation that is close to the standard deviation of reproducibility.

NOTE Detailed information about uncertainty is given in ISO 3744:2010, Clause 9 and Annex H, and ISO 3746:2010, Clause 9 and Annex D (see also ISO 4871:1996).

• 1. Mounting conditions

The machine shall be mounted according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

If the machine is connected to a dust extraction system, this system shall be positioned away from the machine such that its own noise emission does not influence the measurement of the machine.

• 1. Operating conditions
     1. Operation during measurements

Measurements shall be performed under load (operating) and under no load (idle). The level of the no load noise is that produced when the machine is running and ready for load test.

Unless otherwise specified in the specific part of the ISO 19085 series relevant to the woodworking machine considered, the following operating conditions shall be met during the measurements at all microphone positions:

1. machine set-up, tools, workpiece, shall be selected in order to be representative of the noisiest normal and typical use of the machine;
2. for sawing purposes, the circular saw blade shall be selected according to Table E.1;
3. for machines with complex processes, the test shall include a complete cycle of operations and the time-averaged sound pressure level for that cycle shall be declared;
4. all integrated auxiliary units, e.g. power feed, pneumatic clamping, shall be in operation during testing;
5. all relevant guards, safeguards, integral sound enclosures, etc. shall be in position during testing;
6. the CADES (Chips And Dust Extraction System) shall be “on” during testing in the working condition but the influence of the noise of the CADES shall be excluded or reduced as far as possible, for example by the use of baffles or taking into account background noise correction.
   • 1. Standardized tools

Table E.1 shows a list of standardized circular saw blades.

Table E.1 — Specifications for standardized circular saw blades

Dimensions in millimetres

• • 1. Test material

The material of the test samples shall be chosen among the following four materials, as that most frequently processed by the machine in common production. The specific parts of ISO 19085 series require the test materials for the machines covered.

Particle board shall be a three-layer construction made from particles of wood, bonded with synthetic or natural resin or both, having a density of 500 kg/m³ to 750 kg/m³ and a moisture content between 6 % and 10 %.

Coated particle board shall be a particle board as specified in the previous paragraph, coated on both faces with a rigid plastic of the melamine type, with a maximum thickness of 0,2 mm.

Softwood (e.g. pine, spruce, fir) shall be in good condition and of uniform quality. Moisture content shall be between 8 % and 14 %. Density shall be between 450 kg/m³ and 600 kg/m³.

Hardwood (e.g. oak, beech, birch) shall be in good condition and of uniform quality. Moisture content shall be between 8 % and 14 %. Density shall be between 600 kg/m³ and 900 kg/m³.

• 1. Information to be recorded

The information to be recorded includes the information to be recorded as specified in the basic standards used and all of the technical requirements of this noise test code. Any deviations from this noise test code or from the basic standards on which it is based are to be recorded together with the technical justification for such deviations.

• 1. Information to be reported

The information to be included in the test report is at least that which is required to prepare a noise emission declaration or to verify the declared values. Thus, as a minimum the following information shall be included:

• reference to this noise test code and to the basic standards used;
• description of the woodworking machine;
• description of the mounting and operating conditions;
• the noise emission values obtained.

It shall be confirmed that all requirements of the noise test code have been fulfilled. If this is not the case, any unfulfilled requirements shall be identified. Deviations from the requirements shall be stated and technical justification for the deviations shall be given.

The description of the machine shall also include at least the overall dimensions, including a list of any protruding elements that have been disregarded, the nominal spindle speed, the type of drives and motors, and any special installation.

• 1. Declaration and verification of noise emission values
     1. General and content

The declaration of the noise emission values shall be a dual number declaration according to ISO 4871:1996.

The instruction handbook shall include a declaration regarding noise emissions, established on the basis of measurements in accordance with this noise test code and made either on the actual machine in question or on a technically comparable machine, which is representative of the machine to be produced with regard to the noise sources and the applied means for noise reduction.

The declaration shall contain the following:

1. the A-weighted emission sound pressure level, L_pA, at all workstations and the associated uncertainty, K_pA. Where the workstations are undefined or cannot be defined the position and value of the maximum A-weighted emission sound pressure level shall be indicated;
2. the A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machinery, L_WA, if L_pA is higher than 80 dB and the associated uncertainty, K_WA. For very large machinery, the statement of the L_WA shall be replaced by a statement of the emission sound pressure levels, L_pA, at specified positions around the machinery;
3. a statement of the measuring method used, including the grade of accuracy and the operating conditions applied during the test; if accuracy grade 3 is used, the reason why grade 2 was not applicable (see also F.1);

NOTE Possible reasons for not applying grade 2 can be, for example, background noise was present and could not be reduced enough (at the operator positions for emission sound pressure, at other microphone positions for sound power), or safety reason preventing a microphone position to be used.

1. the following statement: “If the declared emission values are to be verified, measurements shall be made using the same method and the same operating and mounting conditions as those declared.”;
2. the following warning: “WARNING: The noise emission values given are only valid if the same operating and mounting conditions are applied. Other operating and mounting conditions, e.g. a different work process, can lead to higher noise emission with the risk of underestimation.”;
3. the following warning: “WARNING: The noise emission values given are not exposure levels. While there is a correlation between the emission and exposure levels, noise emission values cannot be used to reliably determine whether or not further precautions are required. Factors that influence the actual level of exposure include the actual work process, characteristics of the work room and other adjacent sources of noise in operation.”.

The noise declaration shall clearly indicate deviations from this noise test code, if any.

If undertaken, the verification of declared values of noise emission shall be carried out according to ISO 4871:1996, 6.2, by using the same mounting and operating conditions as those used for the initial determination of noise emission values.

The same information on noise emission as that given in the instructions shall be given in the sales literature providing performance data too.

• • 1. Example of noise emission declaration

Table E.2 shows an example of the noise emission declaration for woodworking machines.

Information and noise emission values that are relevant to the machine in question and to the operating conditions and measurement methods used shall be inserted in the grey areas. Italics indicate options to be chosen or filled in or both. Instructions in brackets shall be followed and deleted before issuing the declaration.

Table E.2 — Example of the noise emission declaration

1. 
   (informative)
   
   Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request C(2025)129 final Commission Implementing Decision of 20 January 2025 to the European Committee for Standardization and to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization as regards machinery in support of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council (M/605) to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2023 on machinery (OJ L 165, 29.6.2023).

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Regulation, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZB.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Regulation, and associated EFTA regulations.

Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex III of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230

WARNING 1 Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

WARNING 2 Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.

Bibliography

[1] ISO/TR 11688-2:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design

[3] ISO 13855:2024, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach of the human body

[4] ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

[5] EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles

[6] EN 614-2:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 2: Interactions between the design of machinery and work tasks

[7] EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators

[8] EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators

[9] EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and definitions

[10] EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery

[11] EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation

[12] EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery

[13] EN 12779:2015, Safety of woodworking machines — Chip and dust extraction systems with fixed installation — Safety requirements

[14] EN 16770:2018, Safety of woodworking machines — Chip and dust extraction systems for indoor installation — Safety requirements

[15] IEC 60947-5-1:2024, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit devices