ISO/DIS 19472-1:2026(en)

ISO/TC 23/SC 15

Date: 2026-01-27

Machinery for forestry — Winches — Dimensions, performance and safety

Matériel forestier — Treuils — Dimensions, performance et sécurité

© ISO 2026

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.

ISO copyright office

CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8

CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva

Phone: +41 22 749 01 11

Email: copyright@iso.org

Website: www.iso.org

Published in Switzerland

Contents

Foreword v

Introduction vi

1 Scope 1

2 Normative references 1

3 Terms and definitions 4

4 Symbols, measures and calculations 7

4.1 Symbols 7

4.2 Safety overhang 9

4.3 Calculations 9

4.3.1 Rope capacity 10

4.3.2 Line pull 10

4.3.3 Rope entering speed 11

5 Safety requirements and/or protection measures as well as performance requirements 12

5.1 General 12

5.2 Line pull and rope deflection 12

5.2.1 Ensuring sufficient line pull 12

5.2.2 Rope deflection angle 13

5.3 Mechanical safety 13

5.3.1 Safety distances 13

5.3.2 Guards and shields 13

5.3.3 Securing power-operated parts 13

5.3.4 Guards 13

5.3.5 Protection of the operator from hazards created by the rope 14

5.3.6 Protection of the operator from hazards during coupling and uncoupling 14

5.3.7 Means for proper spooling 14

5.3.8 Guard against parts flung back 15

5.3.9 Devices for connecting choker chains to the shield or the body of the winch 17

5.4 Hydraulic equipment 17

5.5 Rope drum 17

5.6 Ropes and rope drives 18

5.6.1 General 18

5.6.2 Pulleys 18

5.6.3 Guide rollers and pressure rollers 19

5.6.4 Rope fastening 19

5.6.5 Rope guides/Rope runs 19

5.6.6 Rope end connectors 19

5.6.7 Sling gear / Fastening gear 20

5.7 Brake 20

5.7.1 General 20

5.7.2 Holding capacity 20

5.7.3 Brake activation 20

5.7.4 Brake performance 21

5.7.5 Brake release 21

5.7.6 Unspooling 21

5.8 Controls 21

5.8.1 Safety related control functions 21

5.8.2 Control layout for hazardous winch movements 22

5.8.3 Positioning and marking of controls 22

5.8.4 Ergonomics of controls 22

5.8.5 Layout of control panels 22

5.8.6 Software 23

5.8.7 Rope controls 23

5.8.8 Stop of the prime mover 23

5.8.9 Remote controls 23

5.8.10 Functional testing of controls 24

5.9 Pressure limiting valves 24

5.10 Emergency stop function 24

5.10.1 General 24

5.10.2 Control from within a cab 24

5.10.3 Rope controlled winches 25

5.10.4 Winches with an integrated prime mover 25

5.11 Electrical equipment 25

5.11.1 Electromagnetic compatibility 25

5.11.2 Protection class of housings for operation in the open air 25

5.11.3 Temperature range 25

5.12 Clutches 25

5.13 Overload protection (pulling) 26

5.13.1 General 26

5.13.2 Special requirements for slipping clutches 26

5.14 Stability 26

5.15 Fire risks 27

5.16 Noise 27

5.17 Divergent requirements for implement support winches used with log loading cranes, excavator arms and logging grapples 28

5.18 Winches used to support unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes 28

5.19 Additional requirements for capstan winches and winches with driven sheaves or pulleys for forestry and for portable winches 29

5.19.1 General 29

5.19.2 Portable winches 30

5.20 Testing 31

6 Information for use 31

6.1 Instruction handbook 31

6.2 Marking 34

6.3 Warnings 36

Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards 37

Annex B (informative) Test report according ISO 19472-1 40

Annex C (normative) Hazard area winch operation above winch assisted felling below 42

Annex D (normative) Overload test 44

Annex E (normative) Noise test code 45

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered 48

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 15, Machinery for forestry.

A list of all parts in the ISO 19472 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety:

— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);

— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.)

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups:

— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);

— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);

— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this document.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.

Machinery for forestry — Winches — Dimensions, performance and safety

This document specifies requirements with respect to performance and safety for winches that are used in forestry and agriculture for logging and skidding work.

It applies to permanently mounted and removable winches and their components, which are mounted on mobile and self-propelled forestry machines as defined in ISO 6814:2009, as well as to winches for forestry mounted on agricultural tractors or other implements that are used for forestry work. This document also applies to capstan winches and winches using driving sheaves or driving pulleys and portable winches used for forestry.

It applies exclusively to winches that are used for dragging loads on horizontal and inclined ground during logging operations, which are used for unspooling and positioning of the winch rope of another winch for forestry or which are used to support tree felling work.

It does not apply to winches:

— that are used for hoisting or lifting operations;

— that are used in draglines;

— that are used in yarders;

— designed for traction aid purposes;

— using ropes made from natural fibres

— using operating and control voltages > 60 V;

— that are used with log splitters according to EN 609-1.

Control systems for winches with fully or partially self-evolving behaviour or logic are not covered by this document.

The significant hazards included in this document are identified in Annex A.

This document is not applicable to winches manufactured before the date of its publication.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 730:2009, Agricultural wheeled tractors — Rear-mounted three-point linkage — Categories 1N, 1, 2N, 2, 3N, 3, 4N and 4

ISO 730:2009/Amd 1:2014, Agricultural wheeled tractors — Rear-mounted three-point linkage — Categories 1N, 1, 2N, 2, 3N, 3, 4N and 4 — Amendment 1

ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope

ISO 3457:2003, Earth-moving machinery — Guards — Definitions and requirements

ISO 3600:2022, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Operator's manuals — Content and format

ISO 3744:2025, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane

ISO 3767‑1:2016, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols

ISO 3767‑1:2016/Amd 1:2020, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols

ISO 3767‑2:2016, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery

ISO 3767‑2:2016/Amd 1:2020, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery

ISO 4254‑1:2013, Agricultural machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements

ISO 4254‑1:2013/Amd 1:2021, Agricultural machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements — Amendment 1

ISO 4301‑1:2016, Cranes — Classification — Part 1: General

ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment

ISO 5674:2024, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Guards for power take-off (PTO) drive-shafts — Strength and wear tests and acceptance criteria

ISO 6750‑1:2019, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's manual — Part 1: Contents and format

ISO 6814:2009, Machinery for forestry — Mobile and self-propelled machinery — Terms, definitions and classification

ISO 8084:2003, Machinery for forestry — Operator protective structures — Laboratory tests and performance requirements

ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015, Machinery for forestry — Operator protective structures — Laboratory tests and performance requirements — Amendment 1

ISO 9244:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Machine safety labels — General principles

ISO 9244:2008/Amd 1:2016, Earth-moving machinery — Machine safety labels — General principles — Amendment 1

ISO 10968:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's controls

ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections

ISO 11684:2023, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Safety labels — General principles

ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction

ISO 13732‑1:2006, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces

ISO 13766‑1:2018, Earth-moving and building construction machinery — Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply — Part 1: General EMC requirements under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions

ISO 13849‑1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design

ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards

ISO 14982:1998, Agricultural and forestry machinery — Electromagnetic compatibility — Test methods and acceptance criteria

ISO 15817:2012, Earth-moving machinery — Safety requirements for remote operator control systems

ISO 19014‑4:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Functional safety — Part 4: Design and evaluation of software and data transmission for safety-related parts of the control system

IEC 60204‑32:2023, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines

EN 12077‑2:2024, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices

EN 12965:2019+A1:2025, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Power take-off (PTO) drive shafts and their guards — Safety

EN 13411‑3:2022, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule securing

EN 13411‑6:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket

EN 13411‑7:2021, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket

EN 13557:2024, Cranes — Control devices and control stations

EN 17067:2018, Forestry machinery — Safety requirements on radio remote controls

EN 17822:2023, Forestry machinery — Requirements for sling gear and deflection pulleys for forestal hauling operations

EN 60529:1991+A1:2000+A2:2013, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

3.1

drum core diameter

diameter of the rope drum core in millimetres

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.

3.2

drum rim diameter

diameter of the rope drum rim in millimetres

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.

3.3

drum width

distance between the rims of the rope drum, measured in millimetres

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.

3.4

flange depth

radial distance from the outer diameter of the rope drum rim to the surface of the rope drum core in millimetres

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.

3.6

safety overhang

overhang in millimetres from the outer part of the winch rim or housing, which shall remain free after winding the entire rope length in order to ensure that the rope remains in the drum

Note 1 to entry: Suitable measures in order to attain the safety overhang at drums are e.g. flanged pulleys, frames/housings or rope guides.

Note 2 to entry: See Figure 3.

3.7

constant force winch

forestry winch whose maximum pulling force does not drop below the rated line pull, regardless of the unwound rope length

3.8

rope deflection angle

angle between the actual running direction of the rope and a reference direction on the winch drum

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.

Key

β rope deflection angle at the rope entering pulley

β – α rope deflection angle, right drum side

β + α rope deflection angle, left drum side

α angle of a reference direction on the drum e.g. the drum grooves

Figure 1 — Rope deflection angle

Note 2 to entry: In case of non-grooved drums, the rope deflection angle is the angle β.

3.9

power transmission

two or more connected moving or turning parts that transmit forces or torque

3.10

maximum speed

highest respective speed in the intended direction of movement

3.11

pulling

load movement initiated by a force transmitted from the winch via a rope to the load (trees or parts of trees, logs etc.) which is located on the ground and does not float freely at any time or to a tree subject to a felling operation or to a winch rope being positioned

3.12

rated line pull

force exerted by the rope for which the winch is designed according to the manufacturer’s specification given in kN

Note 1 to entry: For calculating the rated line pull see equations (5) to (8).

3.13

overload

the operating forces which exceed those specified for the design of the winch

EXAMPLE Line pull in excess of the rated line pull.

3.14

overload protection

device which automatically prevents impermissibly high forces at the winch during operation

3.15

rope drive

system of ropes which run on rope drums and via rope pulleys as well as rope fastening parts

3.16

rope end connector

device that enables connection of the rope to the load or transfer of the rope’s line pull to sling gear (3.19)

3.17

rope fastening on the rope drum

all parts by which the rope is fastened on the winch drum

3.18

operating coefficient

minimum breaking force of the rope divided by the rated line pull

3.19

sling gear

parts and devices that form the connection between an anchor point and an additional deflection pulley or between the rope and the load

EXAMPLE Shackles, loop fastening straps, round slings or rope slings together with shackles choker chains, choker ropes.

3.20

chocker chain

length of chain, which has a sling hook at one end and can have an insertion pin at the other end and which serves for moving wood in hauling operations while it is held by a rope slide eyelet mounted on a hauling rope

Note 1 to entry: To move wood, the choker chain is joined to a rope slide eyelet running on the hauling rope and tied around the wood to be moved during hauling forming a sling.

Note 2 to entry: Choker chains have a length of approx. 2 m to 3 m

3.21

implement support winch

winch using limited line pull solely for collecting individual stems, trunks and logs from their resting position after initial processing into the normal working range of an implement whose reach otherwise would be insufficient (e.g. the grapple of a forestry trailer)

3.22

deflection pulley

fixed component of a winch for forestry with a rope deflection > 90°

3.23

guide roller

fixed component of a winch for forestry with a rope deflection ≤ 90°

3.24

pressure roller

fixed component of a winch for forestry used for improving the quality of spooling or increasing the pressure on the rope during winding

3.25

hill support

movable component at the rear end of a self-propelled forestry machine (e.g. the winch shield or a separate shield) which, when lowered to the ground, is able to hold the forestry machine positioned with the rear end downward in the dropline of a slope at a given position without the need to apply any further brakes or other holding devices

EXAMPLE The winch shield of a three-point hitch logging winch or a separate shield on a self-propelled forestry machine.

3.26

winch shield

enforced manly plain structure usually with an angled lower part covering a forestry winch at the operating side and used to shield winch mechanics and the operator against flung back parts of rope and sling gear and to anchor the winch in the ground during pulling

3.27

straight shield

movable component of a winch carrier vehicle which fulfils the function of the winch shield but is separated from the winch system so that it can be moved independently and act as a hill support

3.28

rope entering zone

area within a 5 m horizontal radius around the point, where the rope enters the housing of the winch covering angles of 90° symmetrical to a horizontal line angled at 90° to the winch shield and pointing into the working direction of the winch

3.29

rope splice

connection within one rope or of two ropes or two parts of a rope which are united by interweaving the strands so that a loop is created or that a connection between two ropes is formed which in turn are able to support load during the intended use of such a rope or such ropes

Note 1 to entry: Rope splices can be used as rope end connectors for ropes manufactured from steel and from synthetic fibres.

Note 2 to entry: The Flemish eye is a special form of a rope splice.

Note 3 to entry: Rope splicing can be used repair broken ropes manufactured from synthetic fibres while ropes manufactured from steel and used for logging purposes are usually not repaired.

For explanation of measurements see Clause 3. For measures of the drum see Figure 2:

Figure 2 — Rope drum sectional view

The safety overhang S to be used in the calculations in 4.3 shall be equal to 2 times the rope diameter (S = 2 ∙ d_r) unless otherwise specified in this document.

For winches equipped with built-in pre-tension of the rope, a driven capstan or a rope winder, a safety overhang of 1,5 (S = 1,5 ∙ d_r) is sufficient.

The safety overhang S may be formed by the winch housing as long as the rope is not extending over the edge of the drum (Fig. 3a) or partially by the drum and partially by the housing (Fig. 3b). For all other winches Figure 3c applies. The housing material for the safety overhang may be either fully (360°) around the drum or partially, with alternative means of ensuring that the rope remains within the drum.

Figure 3 — Safety overhang distance of winch drum

For calculations of rope capacity, line pull and rope entering speed the following formulae shall be used.

For winches where the safety overhang S is installed in the part of the housing that extends beyond the rope drum rim, as shown in Figure 3a, the length of the rope in metres, which can be wound onto the rope drum, shall be calculated applying equation (1):

l = (d_dc + D) ∙ D ∙ C ∙ y ∙ 10−3 (1)

In case of winches as shown in Figure 3b, where the safety overhang is formed partially by the drum and partially by the housing of the winch, the length of the rope in metres, which can be wound onto the rope drum taking into account the safety overhang S and its part S_D, which is situated on the drum, shall be calculated applying equation (2), whereby the safety overhang to be used shall correspond to two times the rope diameters (S = 2 d) unless otherwise specified in this document:

l = (d_dc + D − S_D) ∙ (D − S_D) ∙ C ∙ y ∙ 10−3  (2)

In case of all other winches as shown in Figure 3c, the length of the rope in metres, which can be wound onto the rope drum taking into account the safety overhang S, shall be calculated applying equation (3), whereby the safety overhang to be used shall correspond to two times the rope diameters (S = 2 d) unless otherwise specified in this document:

l = (d_dc + D − S) ∙ (D − S) ∙ C ∙ y ∙ 10−3  (3)

In the equations (1) to (3) the coefficient y is the function of the rope diameter corresponding to Table 1 and equation (4).

y = π / (1,04 ∙ d_r)2 (4)

NOTE The values y indicated in Table 1 include a permissible tolerance for ropes of 4 %. The equation for the calculation of y is based on uniform rope winding and will not yield correct values if the rope is not uniformly wound around the drum.

Table 1 — Coefficient y as function of the rope diameter d_r

For calculations of the line pull equations (5) to (8) apply.

Bare drum line pull (rated line pull at the innermost rope position)

(5)

Unless determined otherwise and documented by the manufacturer, a value of 1 shall be assumed for η.

Full drum line pull (line pull at the outermost rope position)

For winches where S is integrated in the part of the housing that extends beyond the drum rim of the rope, as shown in Figure 3a, the following applies:

(6)

Unless determined otherwise and documented by the manufacturer, a value of 1 shall be assumed for η.

For winches, as shown in Figure 3b, the following applies taking S_D into consideration:

(7)

Unless determined otherwise and documented by the manufacturer, a value of 1 shall be assumed for η.

For all other winches, as shown in Figure 3c, the following applies taking S into consideration:

(8)

Unless determined otherwise and documented by the manufacturer, a value of 1 shall be assumed for η.

Limitation of the rated line pull

The rated line pull of the winch, as specified by the manufacturer of the winch, shall be calculated by applying equation (5) under one or more of the following conditions:

1) The response of the overload protection limits the rated line pull;

2) The maximum torque of the drive shaft limits the rated line pull.

The maximum torque of the drive shaft can be influenced by e.g. a torque converter, a constant force device or different gear ratios.

The rated line pull of the winch can be limited by the machine on which it is mounted.

The rope entering speed shall be calculated in metres per second, by applying equations (9) to (12).

The maximum rope entering speed shall be calculated with the maximum winding speed possible without load and at the rated speed of the drive shaft specified by the manufacturer.

NOTE Usually equations (10), (11) or (12) will yield the maximum rope entering speed.

Rope entering speed at the innermost rope position (bare drum)

(9)

Rope entering speed in the outermost rope position (full drum)

For winches in which S is integrated in the part of the housing that extends beyond the rope drum rim, as shown in Figure 3a, the following applies:

(10)

For all winches, as shown in Figure 3b, where S and S_D are considered, the following applies:

(11)

For all other winches, as shown in Figure 3c, where S is considered, the following applies:

(12)

The machines shall correspond to the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, winches shall be designed corresponding to the principles of ISO 12100:2010 for relevant, but not significant hazards, which are not treated in this document.

Winches shall be designed taking into account the static and dynamic forces that can occur during the intended use. Forces that occur during the action of the overload protection and the emergency stop device shall be considered. In order to ensure sufficient mechanical stability of the winch system, a sample of every winch design shall be tested according to Annex D.

Accessible parts shall not have any sharp edges, sharp angles or protruding parts that can cause injuries. This can typically be achieved by deburring, flanging, cutting or sand blasting.

Connections and individual components of winches shall be secured against self-loosening.

The danger of burns due to the operator's skin coming into contact with hot surfaces of the winch shall be reduced corresponding to the principles of ISO 13732‑1:2006.

Winches shall be provided with a device that prevents an unintentional reversal of the moving direction of the load. This device shall act independently and be designed so that the occurring forces can be absorbed safely by the device. This requirement is fulfilled e.g. by self-locking drives or self-acting service brakes.

The maximum rope entering speed at rated operation shall not exceed 3 m/s.

There shall be the possibility to reduce the rope entering speed to a maximum of 1 m/s. If the maximum possible rope entering speed is 1,5 m/s, no further reduction is required.

NOTE A rope entering speed of 1 m/s is used for rope-assisted felling.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

It shall be ensured that the actual bare drum line pull does not drop by more than of 25 % of the rated line pull during operation unless specified otherwise in this document.

The maximum pulling force of a constant force winch shall not drop below the rated line pull according to the manufacturer’s specification, regardless of the unwound rope length or the filling of the drum.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements (see Annex B).

The rope deflection angle according to Figure 1 shall not exceed 10°.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by measurements.

Safety distances at openings to moving parts of the winch system shall be in accordance with ISO 13857:2019, Tables 1 or 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, if applicable or unless specified otherwise in this document.

A warning label shall be provided in the rope entering zone and at fixed pulleys used on the winch (e.g. for rope guidance on the shield) which instructs operators or bystanders to keep a distance of at least 5 m during the operation of the winch.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

Guards and shields to protect the operator and others from winch components that create hazards during normal operation and servicing shall be foreseen in accordance with ISO 3457:2003 and ISO 14120:2015 (see 5.3.3).

Winches where guards of the rope drive or other moving parts are technically impossible (e.g. small capstan winches) shall display a warning label which instructs operators or bystanders to keep a distance of at least 5 m from the loaded rope and the rope entering zone during the operation of the winch.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The design, attachment or securing of power-operated parts (e.g. shafts, wheels, gear wheels, bands, couplings, moving parts of the prime mover) shall provide protection from the hazards due to potential contact to such parts by exposed persons during the intended use and in case of reasonably foreseeable misuse.

Hazards of moving transmission parts, the drive of the drum and the rope drive inside the winch shall be guarded by location, by safety distance (see 5.3.1), or by means of fixed guards (see 5.3.2 and 5.3.4).

This requirement excludes the rope entering zone, the part of the winch rope which is situated outside the winch or the rope entering zone and it does not refer to any movement of the load. In the working and transport area however, places where rope movements occur shall be designed, insofar as technically possible, in a way that prevents body parts from accidentally getting caught.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

When designing guards, the hazards for the operating personnel, the fault-free functioning of the machine and the possible generation of further hazards (e.g. obstacles for drainage, avoidance of dirt accumulation or impairment of the machine function) shall be considered.

Guards shall be designed so that normal operation and service can be carried out easily at the machine.

Guards may comprise a fixed grating structure or a perforated plate. The size of the permissible openings depends on the distance between the guards and the location of the hazard. The guard shall be designed so that it cannot be destroyed during normal operation and use and the ratio between the size of the openings and the location of the hazard shall correspond to the safety distances of ISO 13857:2019, Tables 1 or 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7.

If guards are to be removed by the operator in normal use (e.g. for regular setting or regular maintenance work), its fasteners shall remain attached either to the device or to the winch.

Guards covering moving parts of the prime mover (see 5.3.3) shall only be removable form their protective position by the use of a tool.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

If the winch operation controls are located in such a way that the operator can reach the rope or the drum during powered operations of the winch, the rope and winch shall be guarded up to the idler pulley at the rope entry.

Measures shall be undertaken so that the danger of crushing of exposed limbs like fingers or hands is minimized at the rope entry. That shall be achieved by suitable protective measures e.g. a grip piece which is able to withstand the rated line pull of the winch.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Detachable winches shall be designed for easy and safe attachment and removal, including rigid mounted supports, and with a storage position provided, giving stability from tip-over when the winch is detached. In order to mitigate hazards from the coupling of the PTO drive shaft to the winch, the power transmission between the self-propelled machine or the tractor and the winch shall be in accordance with ISO 4254-1:2013 and ISO 4254-1:2013/Amd 1:2021, 6.4, if applicable. PTO drive-shafts shall be in accordance with ISO 5674:2024. The PTO drive shaft supplied with a winch intended for use with a 3-point linkage system according to ISO 730:2009 and ISO 730:2009/Amd 1:2014 shall be in accordance with EN 12965:2019+A1:2025.

A resting facility shall be provided for the PTO drive-shaft to prevent the uncoupled drive shaft from coming into contact with the ground during storage of the winch.

The three-point link shall be in accordance with ISO 730:2009 and ISO 730:2009/Amd 1:2014.

The attachment points of the winch for lifting devices shall – if not obvious – be clearly marked. Their position and the handling of the lifting devices shall be described in the instruction handbook.

The attachment points of the linkage system shall exhibit sufficient strength and be designed so that the loads occurring during operation are safely absorbed.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

In order to prevent rope rollovers, it shall be ensured that during operation no rope gets at a position beyond the flanges of the drum or that the rope from an outer layer is pulled down to an inner layer position (crushing of the rope).

NOTE See 4.2

The following means shall be used:

— Keeping the rope under such a tension during winding and unwinding that there is no visible slack rope on the drum or between the drum and the rope entering pulley. An adjustable overrun brake may serve this purpose. If used, an overrun brake or equivalent device shall allow the rope to be unspooled by a minimum force of 100 N. The overrun brake shall stop the drum immediately if such a force is no longer applied to the rope.

— Setting the ratio between the drum width and the distance between the core of the drum and the rope entering pulley in such a way that a rope deflection angle larger than 10° is avoided. If in this case it is not possible to provide for such a rope entering angle, further spooling devices for the rope shall be used such as positioning the entering pulley on a swing arm, installing forced guidance of the rope e.g. using a cross-spindle joint, a hydraulic ram or a pressure roller.

For winches that are only used with a synthetic fibre rope, these requirements shall not apply.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurement.

The operator shall be protected at the operator station against parts flung to his position by the winch rope.

Operator station

The controls of a winch and of vehicles that are equipped with fixed and removable winches, including those with remote control devices or fixed control devices, shall be arranged or positioned in such way that injuries to persons due to flung-back sling gear or fastening devices is prevented.

A cabin that is equipped with a protective structure according to ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015 in the direction of a potential rope rebound shall be regarded as a sufficient protection. If no such protective structure is installed, operating stations shall be located behind a guard or be located at a lateral distance of at least 5 m from the winch rope or the direction into which the rope force is pointing.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

Guard at the winch

To protect the operator in the cab of the carrier machine against parts flung back, a guard shall be provided for which the measures of Table 2 apply (see Figure 4 and Figure 5). The height of winches with a foldable shield shall be measured when the shield is folded at an angle of 45° from the vertical position unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer according to his risk analysis (see Figure 4). Such a specification shall be included in the instruction handbook.

Key

1 fixed part of the winch shield

2 foldable part of the winch shield

3 guard against parts flung back

4 winch drum/housing

5 entering pulley

6 winch rope

7 angle of 45° unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer

8 angle of 90° unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer

Figure 4 — Measuring B_P and J for winches with foldable shield

The winch guard shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015, 5.1 with the exception that the installation of a deflection limiting volume (DLV) according to ISO 3411:2007 is not necessary. Instead the maximum deformation in the loading direction of the guard shall not exceed 300+50 mm during loading.

If a woven wire mesh or equivalent construction is used, the size of the openings in the guard and the material dimensions shall be in accordance with ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015, 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. For the material used, a yield point ≥ 235 N/mm² and a fracture toughness ≥ 8 % shall be observed.

The protection can be ensured e.g. by the installation of a winch shield of sufficient strength and a protective grating as a guard on top. In case of winches with fixed installation, parts of the machine or the tractor (e.g. the safety cab) may form part of or the complete protective structure if a protective level according to ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015 is guaranteed.

Any uncovered opening between the winch shield and the guard shall not reduce the protection against cable rebound. In this context uncovered openings between guard and shield shall not be larger than openings permitted in this document in the guard itself. If the winch shield forms a part of the guard against flung back parts, it shall provide sufficient protection against cable rebound.

If the guard against flung-back parts is designed as a stationary disconnectable guard, it shall only be possible to remove it from the winch using a tool (e.g. transport, storage).

If the guard against parts flung-back is designed to be foldable (e.g. folded for transport and storage) and when it is not in the protective position, the operation of the winch shall be prevented by the guard folding into a self-holding safety position. The guard covers in this safety position the entrance pulley completely so that operation of the winch is not possible. It shall be possible to bring a foldable upper part of the guard (see Figure 4 and Figure 5) into the protective position without the use of tools.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurement.

Dimensions of the guard

The dimensions of the guard against flung-back parts for three-point winches shall be designed according to Table 2. The corner radius in the upper area (R_a) shall not be greater than 150 mm.

Table 2 — Minimum dimensions of the guard against parts flung back

The minimum dimensions indicated in Table 2 for the guard are shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 below.

Figure 5 — Rear guard on mounted winches for forestry with minimum distance of the centreline of the rope entering to the outer edge of the protective grating

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

If devices for connecting choker chains to the shield or the body of the winch for logging operations are foreseen by the manufacturer, they shall be designed for the rated line pull of the winch. Such devices shall be appropriate to use them with chains that are fit for the rated line pull of the winch. It shall be ensured, that chains do not disengage from these devices during logging operations.

Devices that are foreseen by the manufacturer either for the transport of unloaded choker chains or for pulling loads shall be marked as such (by a label according to Figure 9). The design or position of the connecting points foreseen only for transporting chains shall make it recognizable for the user not to use them for logging operations.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

The hydraulic equipment of winches shall be in accordance with ISO 4413:2010.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

The ratio between the drum core diameter and rope diameter shall not be less than 10.

The winch shall be designed to prevent the rope from running off over the flanges if the top layer for any reason reaches above the flanges.

This requirement is fulfilled if the flanges of the drum or the housing of the winch extend for at least 2 times the rope’s rated diameter over the last winding of the rope wound onto the drum (see 4.2 and Figure 3) unless otherwise specified in this document.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

Ropes used as means of pulling in rope drives shall be selected corresponding to the relevant application conditions and shall be manufactured from steel or synthetic fibres. They shall be dimensioned in a way that they can withstand the loads resulting from the intended use and they shall be designed for an operating duration that exceeds the test intervals specified by the manufacturer of the winch.

The operating coefficient of the rope shall be at least 2 with reference to the rated line pull.

Ropes manufactured from synthetic fibres may only be used if an operating coefficient is defined by the manufacturer of the winch, the wearing conditions are known and the discard criteria are discernible. If the manufacturer of the winch allows the use of ropes manufactured from synthetic fibres, he shall provide information on the permitted material, minimum operating coefficient and discard criteria in the instruction handbook of the winch. If splicing for the repair of broken ropes made from synthetic fibres is permitted, the manufacturer shall provide information on how to perform such a splice in the instruction handbook.

NOTE At present, there is no applicable standard for ropes manufactured from synthetic fibres. As soon as such a standard becomes available, it needs to be applied.

The following factors can play a role here and should be considered by the manufacturer of a winch:

— fatigue;

— rope structure;

— rope end connectors;

— elasticity and plasticity of the rope;

— winch drum design;

— use of pulleys;

— design of rope guides/rope drive;

— rope fastening;

— wear/abrasion.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

Rope pulleys shall be provided with suitable provisions to retain the rope in the grooves of the pulley during operation (e.g. in case of slack rope).

The distance between the edge of the pulley body and housing shall be less than 0,5 times the smallest permissible rope diameter specified by the manufacturer.

Upon fracture of rope pulleys, the rope shall not slide off the pulley axis. The opening angle of the rope groove shall be symmetrical with a value between 30° and 60°.

The following diameter ratio applies for rope pulleys d_rP /d_r ≥ 10.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

Guide rollers or pressure rollers that are not subject to continuous load, may have a diameter ratio which is smaller than the one prescribed for rope pulleys.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

The device for attaching the rope to the drum shall be of the breakaway anchor type so that in the event of the load sliding out of control with the winch in free-spool mode, the rope will disengage from the drum.

The device shall be designed to disengage, without any rope on the drum, if a force less than 0,3 times the rated line pull is applied. With three turns of rope around the drum in lower rope layer, the rope connection (consisting of the rope attachment and the three loops) shall hold 1,25 times the rated line pull.

The device shall not disengage when the rope is being spooled off the drum manually with a maximum force of 300 N.

The device shall not disengage when an automatic rope roll-out mechanism is used. This requirement is considered to be fulfilled if the holding force is equivalent to the maximum roll-out mechanism force plus 300 N.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

Rope drives shall be arranged in a way that damage to the ropes when windings are touching each other or when the rope is touching fixed and moving parts of the winch is prevented.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Rope end connectors for ropes of forestry winches shall be able to withstand a force of at least 80 % of the minimum breaking force of the laid rope without fracture.

One of the following rope end connectors shall be used for the rope of a forestry winch:

a) turn-back eye ferrule-secured termination (with or without thimble); the ferrules and the dimensions shall be designed according to EN 13411‑3:2022, 5.2 and 5.3.3.2; the manufacturer of the rope shall specify suitable dimension for the ferrule and the turn-back eye;
such a rope end connector shall not be loaded from its rear;

b) Flemish eye with aluminium press clamp;
such a rope end connector shall not be loaded from its rear;

c) symmetrical and asymmetrical wedge sockets, wedge sockets shall be designed according to EN 13411‑6:2004+A1:2008 and EN 13411‑7:2021 respectively; they shall be secured against loosening and loss of the wedge; the unloaded (dead) end of the rope shall protrude sufficiently (according to the manufacturer's specifications) over the wedge; the overhang of the rope shall be able to be checked from the outside without the use of tools; wedge sockets shall not be loaded from their rear, e.g. by rope sliders unless a technical device ensures that the load (e.g. rope slider) on the rear cannot push open the safety wedge.
symmetrical and asymmetrical wedge sockets shall be marked with the following:
—   manufacturer or importer
—   permissible rope diameter (min – max)
—   max. permissible pulling force

d) Ropes made from synthetic fibres may use a rope splice as a rope end connector. A rope splice shall be able to absorb the force specified under clauses 4.3.2.

e) Other rope end connectors for synthetic fibre ropes; for synthetic fibre ropes, suitable rope end connectors as specified by the rope manufacturer shall be used, which can absorb at least 80 % of the minimum breaking force of the rope or 80 % of twice the rated line pull of the winch. These systems shall be able to absorb the force specified under 4.3.2. The rope manufacturers shall describe their permissible use (e.g. loading from the rear by rope gliders). The manufacturer shall also provide documentation on the manufacturing and use.

Wire rope clamps and thimbles together with wire rope clamps shall not be used as rope end connectors while knots shall not be used with steel cables.

It shall be possible to connect sling gear, for example a tree towing rope, to the rope end connectors without the use of any additional tools.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

Attachment points for the correct and safe attachment of permitted sling gear to the winch rope shall be provided.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches shall be equipped with a braking system or an equivalent system as a load holding device.

Brake pads shall be made from asbestos-free material.

The manufacturer shall give information about the necessity and the intervals of inspecting the brake system and describe the way how to do this in the instruction handbook corresponding to 6.1 u),v).

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The brake system or equivalent shall hold a load equal to at least 1,25 times the rated line pull of the winch without discernible slippage. This holds true for the case that the winch is stopped during pulling operations as well as for the case that the rope force is increased (e.g. by driving operation of the carrier vehicle of a logging winch) while the brake system or equivalent is activated. For constant force winches testing and calculations shall be performed at and for the uppermost rope layer on the drum.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurement (see Annex B).

The brake system shall be activated automatically in the following cases:

a) if any control device returns to its neutral position;

b) if the emergency stop function is triggered;

c) if the prime mover, the hydraulic or electrical power supply fails;

d) if the radio link to a remote-control system or if an electrical control system fails.

If the brake system or equivalent gets activated, it shall become effective within 1 s.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

The brake system or equivalent shall give smooth stopping and release of the drum for all pull conditions up to and including 1,25 times the rated line pull. The force in the rope may however decrease up to 25 % of the maximum value attained at the time when the brake gets activated.

NOTE Smooth stopping and starting can be provided by a sufficient brake/clutch overlap.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

A release mechanism may be provided which allows free unspooling. If free unspooling is possible, adjustable devices or elements shall be provided which have a braking effect on the rope drum, in order to prevent an uncontrolled unspooling of the rope (see 5.3.7).

For the permanent release of the brake for unspooling the rope, the controls of the release mechanism may be equipped with a latched position.

In order to enable a short brake release, e.g. in cases where the load becomes hooked or stuck, the winch shall be provided with a hold to run control for the brake release. Controlled, step-by-step release of the brake shall be possible so that e.g. the tension can be reduced in a safe way during winch-assisted felling.

A control mode allowing for gradual and continuous release using a hold to run control may be foreseen. As long as such a release takes place, the maximum speed of the rope shall not exceed 0,1 m/s. The same is true if the winch is driven in the reverse direction in loaded condition.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

If a device for actively unspooling the rope is used, controls for the unspooling device shall activate the release of the winch brake before unspooling is started. Initiating the release of the winch brake by these controls shall only be possible if the rope is not loaded.

If a device for actively unspooling of the rope is used, sufficient tension of the rope between such a device and the drum shall be maintained at any time in order to avoid damage to the rope.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The manufacturer of the control system shall use risk assessment according to ISO 13849‑1:2023 to determine the required performance level PL_r for all safety related functions. Safety related functions are at least pull, release (short time and permanent) and stop of the prime mover if applicable. The winch manufacturer may identify further safety related functions.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

Control devices that control hazardous movements (e.g. pull and release) shall be designed as hold to run controls. In the zero position the brake shall be engaged, unless the permanent release/free unspooling position is engaged.

Actuators for initiating and stopping pulling actions shall automatically return to the zero position. The hazardous movement shall be stopped within 1 s after releasing the control or in case of radio interruption.

Control signals shall be effective after a maximum of 1 s.

NOTE Despite being state of the art, reaction times of up to 1 s are regarded as rather long and it is deemed desirable that such reaction times will be reduced considerably in the course of technical progress.

In case of a loss of energy, restoration of the energy supply shall not initiate any winch function unless the respective controls have been activated again from their zero position.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

All forestry winches shall be equipped with a control device that allows either

— operation from inside a cab protected according to ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015 or;

— operation from outside the hazard area as defined by Annex C or;

— operation at a workstation protected by a guard according to 5.3.8 (see protected area as defined in Annex C).

Actuators and their individual positions shall be marked and explained in the instruction handbook. Graphic symbols shall be in accordance with ISO 3767‑1:2016, ISO 3767 1:2016/Amd 1:2020, ISO 3767‑2:2016 and ISO 3767‑2:2016/Amd 1:2020.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The maximum forces that are required in order to actuate manual control devices shall not exceed those indicated in ISO 10968:2020. The actuation force for releasing the brake, as well as for free unspooling shall not exceed the maximum force of 250 N.

The control devices shall be designed and arranged so that the possibility of unintentional actuation of the winch is minimised. The control for the function pull shall be secured against unintentional actuation. Control devices for winches with multiple rope drums as well as control devices which allow to control more than one winch shall be distinguishable from one another by the use of suitable aids such as labels or colour.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurements.

Operating panels of control devices shall include features according to EN 13557:2024, 4.1.1 and 4.1.2, which prevent an unintentional actuation or undesired load movements. Operating panels of control devices shall include features and be attached and marked so that assignment, direction of movement and switching state can be recognised without misunderstanding.

Controls, control linkage and their power supply shall be arranged in such a way that they cannot be damaged or moved into an undesirable position by foreseeable external forces, e.g. hand or foot force or shaking (vibration) of a carrier machine.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The manufacturer shall provide information about the version of the software used in the winch control system in the instruction handbook and, if applicable, about the update procedure. In cases where the machine control system can be remotely accessed (via internet, satellite, or other network connections), the software shall be developed in accordance with ISO 19014-4:2020 to ensure protection against unauthorized third-party access.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection of documents.

Actuators that are operated via a rope control (block and tackle) shall automatically return into the zero position after release (hold to run). The rope control shall not twist to an extent that the movement of actuators is impeded or blocked upon returning into their initial position.

Ropes may be used solely as control devices for removable (via 3-point hitch) tractor mounted PTO driven winches.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

If the prime mover of the carrier vehicle is the only power supply to the attached winch, the control which stops the prime mover of the carrying vehicle or carrier machine of a winch is regarded as the control which stops the energy supply to the winch.

For winches with an integrated prime mover (e.g. portable winches), a control to stop the prime mover (kill switch) shall be provided. For electrically operated winches this control shall to cut the energy supply to the prime mover. Such a control may be regarded as the control which stops the energy supply to the winch.

Risk analysis may show that no emergency stop is necessary if a stop control (kill switch) for the prime mover of the winch is installed.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

If used, remote controls shall be in accordance with EN 17067:2018.

A cable remote control shall have a sufficient cable length to operate the winch from outside the hazard area (see Annex C).

For cable remote controls used as primary control devices, the requirements of EN 17067:2018, Clause 5 regarding the risk of confusion and unintentional operation shall be observed.

A cable remote control may be provided as a replacement for an installed primary radio remote control for the case of disfunction or failure of the primary radio remote control. Such a control shall not have the full functional characteristics for operating the winch, so that it cannot be used permanently as a primary control device. This can be achieved, e.g. by omitting the permanent brake release function.

NOTE An auxiliary cable remote control serves as a fix for a broken remote-control system or as a replacement in a low battery situation if the primary system can be unplugged and the auxiliary system can be re-plugged. It is used e.g. to spool the rope onto the drum to enable the carrier vehicle to leave the place.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

The correct function and stability of the control components shall be proven by a functional test. Testing shall take place in the ambient temperature range according to this document (see 5.11.3) and when the winch is at operating temperature according to the manufacturer’s specification.

The following criteria shall be observed:

— All the functions mentioned shall be locked against each other and shall not be switchable at the same time.

— The actuation of the control components shall trigger the selected function, whereby the functions shall only be triggered by activating the respective control.

— Without activated control, the holding brake of the drum shall fall back into the closed state.

— The actuation of the emergency stop control device shall bring the winch into a safe state.

— Permanent release of the brake to unspool the winch rope is permitted.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by functional testing.

Pressure limiting valves shall have means for preventing their maladjustment by unauthorised persons, or have visible safeguards, such as lead seals, covers or caps that have to be destroyed before resetting.

Visible safeguards are not necessary if special tools that are specified by the manufacturer of the adjustable safety device are required for the resetting.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches shall be equipped with an emergency stop function. The emergency stop function shall be available and operationally ready at all times independently of the operating mode.

The emergency stop function on a remote-control box shall correspond to EN 17067:2018. If the winch is controlled by a remote-control box which is equipped with an emergency stop function in accordance with EN 17067:2018, no other emergency stop function is necessary.

Winches which are controlled directly at the machine do not need an emergency stop function if safety related functions are controlled by hold-to-run controls.

A restart of any function initiated just by resetting the emergency stop shall be prevented. In the special case of an internal fault, no hazard occurs, as the winch is manually controlled.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches which are operated solely from a cab protected according to ISO 8084:2003 and ISO 8084:2003/Amd 1:2015 or by a guard according to 5.3.8 (see protected area as defined in Annex C) with the presence of an engine stop control in the near vicinity of the operator do not need an emergency stop function as long as the engine stop will stop all hazardous movements.

NOTE This means that stopping the engine will at the same time disengage the pulling function (e.g. the clutch) and engage the holding device of the drum (usually the drum brake).

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches which are controlled by control-ropes do not need an emergency stop function if these controls are of the hold to run type.

The control for manual unspooling may be of the latched type as its applications does not create any further hazard.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches with an integrated prime mover do not need an emergency stop if they are equipped with a control to stop the prime mover (kill switch) according to 5.8.8.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Winches shall be in accordance with EN 60204‑32:2023, 4.4.2 or ISO 14982:1998 or ISO 13766-1:2018.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

The housings for electrical equipment shall exhibit a protection class of IP65 or better according to EN 60529:1991+A1:2000+A2:2013.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

The ambient temperature range for the operation of winches covered by this document shall lie between -25 °C and +45 °C. The mechanical, electrical and electronic components shall be suitable for this ambient temperature.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and functional testing.

The transferable torque of any clutch which is used in the drive train shall not fall below the initial torque setting during the operating period of the inspection interval specified by the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall provide information on how to inspect such clutches.

Clutches which are used to transfer torque for pulling and which can be activated (engaged) by the operator shall disengage automatically and reach a safe state where all hazardous movement are prevented and the winch is not dangerous to the user in the following cases:

— the control device is released or not activated;

— the emergency stop is activated;

— the energy supply to the actuators of the clutch is cut (e.g. power supply to electrically operated solenoids, hydraulic pressure).

If the energy supply to the actuators of such a clutch is cut (e.g. power supply to electrically operated solenoids, hydraulic pressure), restoration of the power shall not cause an unexpected start up.

Clutches located in the power train of winches for forestry, apart from slipping clutches according to clause 5.13.2, shall be designed so that a form fit is retained upon failure of plastic or rubber parts, e.g. by using metal parts.

The winch drum shall be fixed mechanically and rigidly to the equipment preventing an unintentional reverse movement of the load (usually the brake drum and the housing of the clutch). It shall not be possible to disconnect this connection during operation of the winch so that reverse movement is safely prevented.

When the clutch is engaged while there is still a holding force acting on the rope of the winch, the line pull during coupling shall not decrease by more than 10 % with reference to the effective line pull before coupling.

At the clutch there shall be an installation which allows to compensate for wear.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection, measurement and functional testing.

The overload protection shall ensure that in the rope a force of 1,1 times the rated line pull is not exceeded at any time, even during load peaks e.g. generated by movements of the load or of the carrier vehicle of the winch. It shall be ensured that the effectiveness of the overload protection is at least maintained during the inspection interval according to the manufacturer’s specification.

Directly acting overload protections act directly in the power flow and limit the power/torque transferred to the winch drum.

Such overload protections can be e.g. slipping clutches, pressure limiting valves etc.

Devices or controls for setting overload protections shall be protected by safeguards against unauthorized re-setting. These safeguards shall be of such a making that they must be destroyed before a change of setting of an overload protection becomes possible. It shall not be possible to change the setting of an overload protection without a tool. Overload protection devices shall be in accordance with EN 12077‑2:2024.

Overload protections shall override the controls of the winch as specified in EN 12077‑2:2024, 4.4.2.1. This requirement can be fulfilled either by directly acting overload protection or by indirectly acting overload protection.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and functional testing.

When slipping of a clutch due to overload occurs, either the control system shall terminate the pulling process and apply the brake or the slipping clutch shall be designed in a way so that during overload conditions the rope force does not exceed the rated line pull by more than 10 % for at least 10 s.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurement.

If the required machine stability, when in operation or when stationary, can only be achieved by employing special measures or by using the machine in a particular way, this shall be pointed out on the machine itself and/or in the instruction handbook.

If a supporting device is necessary for safely positioning or storing the winch, supporting devices shall be stored in a designated storage facility on the winch or they shall be attached to the winch.

Winches for forestry which can be stored or stationed without a carrier machine shall be securely stable in every direction, if they are placed on a solid surface with an inclination of 8,5°.

If three-point hitch mounted winches for forestry have supporting feet, these shall be designed so that they

— cannot be removed during normal use;

— can be brought from the storage position into the supporting position without the use of tools

— can be returned from the supporting position into the storage position without the use of tools

— have a footprint area that limits the ground pressure to maximum 400 kPa;

— can be fixed in the storage position using form fit;

— can be fixed in their transport/operating position using form fit.

It shall be possible for the driver/operator to visually check whether supporting feet are in their transport/operating position.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection.

Forestry winch systems shall be designed to reduce possible fire risks. This can be accomplished e.g. by minimizing debris accumulation, providing cleanouts, guarding fuel lines, arranging fuel filters to avoid fuel spillage, and by proper routing, clamping or overload protecting of electric wires and hydraulic lines.

Operators, especially of winches using an integrated combustion engine as their prime mover, shall be advised in the instruction handbook to have a portable fire extinguisher of a mass of at least 2 kg, suitable for fuel, oil and wood product fires, ready at or near the operating position of the winch.

NOTE Local regulations governing fire extinguishers can apply.

Low current, constantly powered circuits shall be protected against fire risks by fuses which do not permit electric currents to surpass the rated capacity of the electric wiring.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

Noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process, thus specifically taking into account measures at source. Typical sources of noise for forestry winches are the power transmission and noise generated by the action of winch brakes. The main source of noise from forestry winches is the combustion engine either integrated or in the carrier machine.

Noise emissions shall be determined for the following forestry winches:

— forestry winches using their own power source (e.g. combustion engine or electrical drive);

— all portable forestry winches

— winches used to support unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes

— implement support winches;

— forestry winches attached to a tractor using a three-point hitch system.

The determination of noise emissions for forestry winches which form an integral part of their carrier machine and whose prime mover is the dominating source of noise, e.g. winches installed on skidders, is not necessary as they are placed on the market as a part of the carrier machine and its own noise declaration.

For those winches for which noise shall be declared, noise emissions shall be determined according to the noise test code in Annex E.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and measurement.

Implement support winches shall be equipped with suitable attachment points so that they can be attached to implements like booms. The stability can be attained e.g. by three-point mounting. The attachment process shall be described in the instruction handbook.

The rated line pull of implement support winches shall not exceed 20 kN.

A protective grating is not necessary.

If an operating station is within the hazard area of the implement support winch (e.g. an elevated boom control station on the column of the boom) which is not protected by a protective device according to 5.3.8, it is forbidden to stay there during pulling. An interlock shall disable winch operation while such an operating station is used. The manufacturer shall explain in the instruction handbook that using the use of an unprotected winch from such an operating station is not allowed.

The controls of the implement support winch shall be located so that an activation is possible from outside its rope entering zone. A closed valve position as a brake is sufficient for hydraulically driven implement support winches because of the low rated line pull. Precautions shall be taken to ensure that the holding force does not drop abruptly even in the case of a hose break.

Movement limiters for the end position with forced openings are not necessary.

The maximum permissible rope length is 40 m, measured from the point where the rope leaves the contour of the assembly of implement support winch and the implement itself. The manufacturer shall explain in the instruction handbook that winch assisted felling using an implement support winch is prohibited.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by measurement, inspection and inspection of documents.

Winches for spooling support shall be equipped with suitable attachment points so that they can be attached to the rope end connector or another suitable place of the winch rope of the supported winch.

The stability can be attained e.g. by three-point mounting. The attachment process shall be described in the instruction handbook.

The weight of the rope end connector of the support winch shall not exceed 100 grams.

The rated line pull of support winches shall not exceed the values of Table 3. In order to ensure that the maximum permissible line pull of such a supporting winch is not exceeded, manufacturers shall foresee suitable limiting devices (e.g. pressure limiting valves, slipping clutches) which can be secured against unauthorized maladjustment (e.g. seals, covers which must be destroyed for removal).

Table 3 — Maximum permitted rated line pull for winches supporting unspooling and positioning of winch ropes

Support winches do not necessarily need a separate guard against parts flung back according to 5.3.9 if the protection of the operator’s position is ensured otherwise (e.g. by the protective structure of the winch where it is mounted or by its mounting position).

The controls of the support winch shall be located so that an activation is possible from outside the rope entering zone of the winch. If functions of the support winch are integrated into the control device of another winch, the markings of the control device shall be replaced or adapted if necessary.

A closed valve position as a brake is sufficient for hydraulically driven winches supporting unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes because of the low rated line pull. Movement limiters for the end position with forced openings are not necessary.

Active unspooling by running the drum in reverse direction shall only be possible, if proper spooling remains guaranteed using means according to 5.3.7and sufficient tension on the rope remains during the process.

The rope entering speed of the support winch may reach a maximum of 5 m/s if the following conditions are met:

— the support winch is operated exclusively with synthetic fibre ropes and the deflection pulleys are designed accordingly;

— the logging winch from which the forestry cable is unspooled is designed for such a high cable unspooling speed;

— the rope entering speed is adjustable on the supporting winch (e.g. by using hydraulic flow control valves).

Otherwise the maximum rope entering speed according to 5.1 applies.

If the support winch is operated exclusively with synthetic fibre ropes, the actual line pull may drop by a maximum of 60 % of the rated line pull during operation.

The manufacturer shall explain in the instruction handbook that winch assisted felling using a winch designed for the support of unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes is prohibited.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by measurement, inspection and inspection of documents.

The pulling capacity of capstan winches or winches with driven sheaves or pulleys shall be dimensioned in such way that no slipping or creeping of the rope occurs during intended use and during the tests.

A driving capacity of 1,5 times the rated line pull and sufficient stability (see Figure 7) during the intended utilisation time shall be proven, either by calculation or by testing (see Annex B). Wear, e.g. in winches where the driving capacity depends on the wearing condition of the groove, shall be considered.

Ropes shall not be able to run off to the sides from the driving pulley, capstan or sheave.

NOTE 1 Suitable measures on driving pulleys are typically protection brackets or encapsulation.

If driving pulleys are grooved, the grooves shall correspond to the type and diameter of the rope intended for use with the winch. Conical grooves without undercut shall be form-retentive.

The undercut width U of the driving pulley grooves shall not exceed 0,8 times the rope diameter (see Figure 6).

In order to minimize the rope wear due to reversed bending of steel wire ropes, a ratio d_dc/d_r > 15 shall be observed.

For capstan winches using synthetic fibre ropes, a ratio of drum core diameter to rope diameter d_dc/d_r > 8 shall be observed, based on the centre of the rope.

If synthetic fibre ropes are used for capstan winches, they shall be form stable. Form stability can be obtained e.g. by sheathing or coating synthetic fibre ropes.

Precautions shall be taken so that the rope cannot lift off the driving pulley capstan or sheave even when slack occurs so that the safe function of the capstan winch remains ensured.

NOTE 2 Suitable precautions are e.g. pressure rollers.

The rope repository (rope drum) shall be designed so that the rope between the driving pulley, capstan or sheave and rope repository is always kept under tensile stress.

At the outside (free end of the drum) the capstan drum shall have a safety overhang S of more than 1,3 times the diameter of the rope used (S > 1,3 d_r).

Deviating from the requirements of 5.6.4, the requirements of for fastening of the rope do not apply for capstan winches.

Deviating from the requirements of 5.3.5, the requirements of protection of the operator from hazards created by the rope do not apply for capstan winches.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by measurement, inspection and inspection of documents whatever is applicable.

Portable winches shall be equipped with attachment points for sling gear, which allow for safe anchoring of the winch. The anchoring process shall be described in the instruction handbook.

A protective grating is not necessary for portable winches.

Deviating from the requirements of 5.11.2, the housings for electrical equipment of portable winches shall exhibit a protection class of IP64 or better according to EN 60529:1991+A1:2000+A2:2013.

NOTE 1 Such winches are usually stored in covered locations.

The controls of a portable winch shall be located in a way that an activation is possible from outside the hazard area of the winch.

Deviating from the requirements of 5.8.9 remote controls for portable winches shall be in accordance with ISO 15817:2012.

NOTE 2 Due to the large amount of room required presently for installation remote control systems complying with EN 17067, such systems are not yet suitable for portable winches.

Turning of the capstan/driven sheaves or pulleys/pulling of a portable winch shall solely be initiated and upheld by activating a hold-to-run control.

Movement limiters for the end position with forced openings are not necessary for portable winches.

Portable winches shall be equipped with a suitable carrying support system for 1 or 2 or more persons as appropriate.

Portable winches may be built without a brake-lifting/unspooling device if safe un-tensioning of the rope is possible. Precautions shall be taken to ensure that the holding force does not drop abruptly during un-tensioning.

Portable winches shall be equipped with an engine stop switch while an emergency stop is not required.

Figure 6 — Groove undercut

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

In order to ensure correct setting of the winch, manufacturers may perform functional test and force measurements before delivery according to Annex B as part of their quality control procedure.

For correct use of such a testing procedure, brake testing shall be performed at the layer at which the maximum line pull can be reached. For constant force winches, testing should be performed at the outermost, the innermost and an intermediate layer (see Annex B)

NOTE For torque-controlled winches it is the innermost layer.

For general guidance as to information for use see ISO 12100:2010, 6.4. For guidance to accompanying documents and the instruction handbook see ISO 12100:2010, 6.4.5.

Winches shall be provided with an instruction handbook according to ISO 6750-1:2019 or ISO 3600:2022. If the winch is integrated in a machine such as a timber skidder, the information required in this subsection may be incorporated in the corresponding clauses of the instruction handbook for the entire machine. The instruction handbook shall provide comprehensive instructions for the safe application and maintenance of the machine. It shall specify clearly the intended use for which the winch system is designed. Furthermore the instruction handbook shall name the foreseeable cases of misuse of the winch system and state the prohibition of such use.

Insofar as applicable, at least the following information shall be provided:

a) image of the type label in accordance with Clause 6.2 and indication of mounting position;

b) performance data such as:

— the maximum input torque in Nm (for selection of the drive/PTO shaft);

— the permissible rated speed of the drive shaft in rpm for removable winches;

— the rated line pull in kN and for drum winches the line pull for the outermost rope position;

c) the permissible rope diameters;

d) the maximum rope length, depending on the rope diameter (see 4.3.1);

e) indication of the minimum required breaking force of the rope;

f) information on selecting the correct rope and rope end connectors, as well as discard criteria for ropes;

g) if a winch is delivered with a rope, a copy of the rope certificate;

h) advice to use a mechanical unspooling device and a winch to support unspooling if logging distances exceed 30 m;

i) direction of rotation of the drive shaft (PTO);

j) minimum and maximum speed of the drive shaft (PTO);

k) a description of the winch function;

l) a description of the safety devices;

m) complete explanation of the meaning of the safety labels at the winch and indication of their exact position;

n) specification of approved remote controls for operating the winch with a remote control if applicable;

o) instructions for safe operation of the winch, taking into account possible hazards during winch operation and their simultaneous occurrence;

p) information on necessary protective equipment which the operator shall use and its correct application during winch operation;

q) instructions on necessary winch settings for safe winch-assisted felling (see. 5.1, para 8) if applicable;

r) note that using implement support winches and winches used to support unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes shall not be used for winch assisted felling;

s) instructions on how to keep stability of the tractor and the winch during operation (see Figure 7);

t) requirements for the qualification of the operating and maintenance personnel;

NOTE National and regional regulations (e.g. German TRBS 1203) could apply.

Key

1 tractor

2 winch

3 working range 3, risk of tipping without additional measures (with rated line pull)

4 working range 2, stability only moderate (possible risk of tipping over with rated line pull)

5 work area, sufficient stability (with rated line pull)

NOTE The danger of tipping over depends, among other things, on the weight of the machine, the ground conditions, the depth of the shield, etc.

Figure 7 — Work area and stability

u) maintenance instructions including notes on testing wear parts installed on the winch, such as ropes, drive chains, brake bands and brake pads;

v) specification of test and inspection intervals;

w) information on the lubrication of ropes, chains, gears, bearings and hooks etc. including specifications of lubricants;

x) installation and assembly information for preventing noise and vibrations;

y) information on the safe attachment of implement support winches and winches used to support unspooling and positioning of other winch ropes and for anchoring portable winches if applicable;

z) when using remote controls, the instruction handbook shall provide information on the correct way of working to ensure an adequate field of vision on the winch and possibly the rope drive, unless this information is included in the instruction handbook of the remote control; if necessary, the use of suitable vision aids shall be advised;

aa) information on necessary requirements of the carrier vehicle (minimum weight of the vehicle, power range of the vehicle, and other information, if necessary);

bb) for winches using a three-point hitch guidance on how to safely couple the winch to the three-point hitch of a tractor without losing stability during the process;

cc) information on the selection of the operating materials (e.g. hydraulic oil – suitable type and viscosity);

dd) information on how to choose suitable sling gear for the respective winch (e.g. sling gear which is in accordance with EN 17822:2023) and how to use it safely; special attention shall be paid on how to attach sling gear to the winch rope and, if applicable, how to anchor portable winches safely;

ee) information on the position of chain carriers provided for transporting the chains during work in the forest;

ff) information on chain connectors at the winch which are suitable for the attachment of choker chains during skidding and logging operations;

gg) information on the correct setting of a foldable shield, which needs to be observed in order to achieve the required minimum height of the guard against parts flung back;

hh) information on the correct position of a foldable shield which needs to be observed for safe storage of the winch when separated from its carrier machine;

ii) information on discard criteria of safety related plastic parts (e.g. grip pieces) if applicable;

jj) information on hazard areas according to Annex C; the distance D_2T shall be indicated as:
20 m or two tree lengths, whichever value is higher;

kk) information on how to safely manufacture a rope splice or how it can be provided if applicable:
for ropes manufactured from steel especially how a Flemish eye can be manufactured
for ropes manufactured from synthetic fibres especially how a rope end connector can be formed and whether and how parts of a broken rope can be connected.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection of documents.

National and/or regional requirements with respect to the marking of winches are not treated in this document and could also apply.

All winches shall be clearly legible and permanently marked with the following information:

a) name and address of the manufacturer or importer;

b) model of the winch;

c) designation of the machine (winch for forestry);

d) year of manufacture or other indications to determine the year of manufacture;

e) serial number;

f) rated line pull;

g) indication of the permissible rope diameters, unless this information is indicated in the instruction handbook according to 6.1;

h) mass of the winch including rope in the most typical configuration;

i) the permissible oil pressure and permissible volumetric flow rate, if pressurised oil is used for the power transmission, unless this information is indicated in the instruction handbook according to 6.1;

j) for removable PTO driven winches maximum and minimum permissible power of the prime mover of a carrier machine;

k) for removable PTO driven winches direction of rotation of the drive shaft and permissible speed of the power take-off shaft;

l) group classification according to ISO 4301‑1:2016;

m) a warning against crushing hazards at the rope entry (ISO 7000-W024, see Figure 8);

Figure 8 — Warning against crushing hazards at the rope entry

n) chain carriers and chain connectors at the winch shall be marked according to their intended use i.e. whether they are meant to be mere carriers of chocker chains without load or whether they are suitable to bear the loads of skidding and logging operations; chain carriers and chain connectors shall be marked according to their intended use using labels according to Figure 9. Markings shall be affixed or placed near to the chain supports; exact positions shall be shown in the instruction handbook;

Figure 9 — Information label for chain carriers (no load) left and chain connectors (loading permissible) right

o) on winches with a foldable shield a warning shall be placed which indicates to the operator to observe the correct storage position of the shield; the storage position shall be marked on the winch and in the shield.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

All machines shall be equipped with a warning in a language acceptable for the user country and printed using capital letters, and where the label format and lettering conform to existing standards, consisting of the following text:

WARNING — THE WINCH SHALL NOT BE USED FOR HOISTING

This text may be replaced by a pictogram designed in accordance with ISO 11684:2023 or ISO 9244:2008 and ISO 9244:2008/Amd 1:2016. The warning shall be located in a readily visible position on the unit and shall resist the anticipated service conditions, e.g. the effects of temperature, moisture, petrol, oil, abrasion and weathering exposure.

Verification of the requirements shall be done by inspection and inspection of documents.

1. 
   (informative)
   
   List of significant hazards

Table A.1 contains a list of the significant hazards, significant hazardous situations and hazardous incidents that are handled in this document, which have been identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machine, and which require special measures for the prevention or reduction of risk by the designer or manufacturer.

It is necessary to check whether safety requirements specified in this document cover every significant hazard represented by a machine and ensure that the risk assessment is complete.

Table A.1 — List of significant hazards

1. 
   (informative)
   
   Test report according ISO 19472-1

For testing a force transducer with an accuracy ≤ 5 % shall be used.

The sampling rate during the tests shall be set to 50…100 Hz.

1. 
   (normative)
   
   Hazard area
   winch operation above
   winch assisted felling below

Key

Figure C.1 — Hazard area

1. 
   (normative)
   
   Overload test

A sample of the winch shall be tested using an overload of 125 % of the rated line pull of the winch. The winch and its housing shall be fixed so that it can withstand the applied forces. The winch shall be tested with the rope positioned at the outermost layer. The rope shall be angled to the ground at an angle of 30  and use the innermost rope entering pulley closest to the rope drum. A load of 125 % of the rated line pull shall be applied 3 times and held of the duration of at least 1 minute. If the winch is equipped with further pulleys that are intended to offer a different rope course at the winch, the test shall be repeated using the optional rope entering routes. In this case the rope shall be loaded in a horizontal position after the last pulley on the winch.

During the loading test no deformation, cracks or fractures shall occur. Bearings shall be tested to their functionality.

For the tests it is not necessary to use the rope that is intended for the regular winch operation. It may be necessary to block the overload protection before the load application in order to achieve the prescribed overload.

The result of the test shall be reported.

1. 
   (normative)
   
   Noise test code

General

For the measurement of the A-weighted emission sound pressure levels and determination of installation conditions, unless otherwise stated in this document, ISO 11201:2010 shall be used while A-weighted sound power level shall be determined according to ISO 3744:2025.

The winch system shall be operated for all measurements without rope and over a reflecting surface. The drum or the driving sheaves shall be run in pull direction at the maximum speed according to the manufacturer’s specifications. A measuring time of at least 20 s shall be observed. Measurements shall start once the maximum drum speed is reached.

Mounting

The complete winch system shall be mounted on a supporting structure where the centre axle of the drum or of the capstan system is situated at a vertical distance of 0,75+0,05 m from the reflecting surface. This structure shall not cover the winch system more than necessary for holding it in place for the measurements. Winches, where the centre axle of the drum or of the capstan system is situated at a vertical distance of 0,75 m or more from the reflecting surface, shall be placed directly on the ground surface. A testing bench according to ISO 11201:2010, Annex E may be used. If the winch has no built-in energy supply, this shall be provided by a power unit distanced form the winch system which shall not affect the level of the noise emissions of the winch system. The running speed of an integrated prime mover shall be set at the highest operating speed according to the manufacturer’s specifications; if no such operating speed is given, the rated speed of the prime-mover shall be used.

A-weighted Emission sound pressure level measurements

Measurements of A-weighted emission sound pressure level shall be performed according to ISO 11201:2010, 9.5. The measurement shall be taken at the point exhibiting the highest A-weighted emission sound pressure level along the path around the reference surface (ref. 3.20 and 3.21 of ISO 11201:2010) as described in Figure E.1.

Key

1 microphone path (height 1,6 m; distance from the reference cuboid 1 m)

2 reference cuboid as defined by ISO 11201:2010, 3.20

Figure E.1 — Reference surface and microphone path for A-weighted emission sound pressure level measurements for logging winches

A-weighted sound power level measurements

A-weighted sound power level shall be determined according to ISO 3744:2025, using the hemispherical envelope according to ISO 3744:2025, 7.2 and Annex B, Table B.1.

Measurement uncertainties

The total measurement uncertainty of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level respectively sound power level determined according to this document is depending on the standard deviation σ_R0 given by the applied basic noise emission measurement method and the uncertainty associated with the instability of the operating and mounting conditions σ_omc.

The resulting total uncertainty σ_tot is then calculated from

The value of σ_R0 may be taken from ISO 11201:2010, 11.4, Table 1 for grade 2 measurements unless it is determined according to ISO 11201:2010, 11.3.

Unless very unstable noise emission values are recorded, a value of 0,5 dB shall be assumed for σ_omc. In case of an unstable operation 2 dB shall be assumed for σ_omc.

The expanded measurement uncertainty U, in decibels, is calculated from

U =k σ_tot,

with k the coverage factor. A coverage factor k of 1,6 shall be observed, corresponding to a 95 % confidence level. Further information is given in ISO 4871:1996.

Reporting

As a minimum, the following information shall be reported:

— reference to this document (i.e. ISO 19472-1);

— reference to the basic noise emission standard(s) used;

— description of the mounting and operating conditions used;

— type and positioning of the winch;

— the relevant speed of drum or capstan;

— locations of work station(s) and other specified positions; and

— the noise emission values obtained and the associated expanded measurement uncertainty.

Noise emission values shall be recorded according to ISO 11201:2010, Clause 13 and ISO 3744:2025, Clause 10 as applicable.

Deviations from these requirements shall be stated and technical justification for the deviations shall be given.

Declaration and verification

Declaration of the noise emission values shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 4871:1996. This standard also describes the requirements for verification of declared noise emission values.

Annex ZA
(informative)

Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request C(2025)129 final Commission Implementing Decision of 20 January 2025 to the European Committee for Standardization and to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization as regards machinery in support of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council (M/605) to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2023 on machinery (OJ L 165, 29.6.2023).

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Regulation, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Regulation, and associated EFTA regulations.

Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex III of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230

Bibliography

[1] EN 16517, Agricultural and forestry machinery — Mobile yarders for timber logging — Safety

[2] EN 62745, Safety of machinery — Requirements for the interfacing of ropeless controllers to machinery (IEC 44/686A/CD)

[3] ISO 1968, Fibre ropes and cordage — Vocabulary

[4] ISO 4309, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard

[5] ISO 2332, Agricultural tractors and machinery — Connection of implements via three-point linkage — Clearance zone around implement

[6] ISO 3108, Steel wire ropes — Test method — Determination of measured breaking force

[7] ISO 3767‑4, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 4: Symbols for forestry machinery

[8] ISO 11001, Agricultural wheeled tractors and implements — Three-point hitch couplers

[9] ISO 11850, Machinery for forestry — General safety requirements

[10] Technischen Regeln für Betriebssicherheit (TRBS), TRBS 1203, Zur Prüfung befähigte Personen