ISO/DIS 14451-7:2026(en)
Secretariat: AFNOR
ISO/TC 22/SC 36
Date: 2025-11-18
Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 7: Requirements and categorization for seatbelt pretensioners
© ISO 2026
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Contents
4 Requirements and acceptance criteria 1
4.2 Verification of design and documentation 1
4.4 Vibration and temperature test 2
4.5 Thermal humidity cycling test 2
4.6 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test 2
5 Test matrix for seatbelt pretensioners 3
6 Categorization of seatbelt pretensioners 4
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 36, Safety and impact testing.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14451-7:2013), which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the two last sentences of the scope have been deleted;
— the conformity to ISO/DIS 14451-8:2025 for igniters (ESR 4) has been added in 4.1;
— 4.2.2 on forbidden substances and 4.2.3 on disposal have been added;
— a new conditional functioning test with height measurement has been added in 4.8 and in 5, Table 1;
— in clause 5, the test results from a sub-level pyrotechnic article are no longer reused for the assessment of the highest-level pyrotechnic article in terms of ageing. Table 1 (test matrix) has been updated accordingly.
— a criterion for ejection’s height has been added in 6.2.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14451 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 6: Requirements and categorization for seatbelt pretensioners
1.0 Scope
This document specifies the types and order of tests to be applied to the seatbelt pretensioners and sets out the associated acceptance criteria and means of categorization.
2.0 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/DIS 14451‑1:2025,[1] Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO/DIS 14451‑2:20251), Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 2: Test methods
ISO/DIS 14451‑4:20251), Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 4: Requirements and categorization for micro gas generators
ISO/DIS 14451‑5:20251), Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 5: Requirements and categorization for airbag gas generators
ISO/DIS 14451‑8:20251), Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 8: Requirements and categorization for igniters
3.0 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/DIS 14451-1:2025 apply.
4.0 Requirements and acceptance criteria
4.1 General
Seatbelt pretensioners shall meet the requirements specified in 4.2 to 4.8 taking into account the test matrix of Clause 5.
All igniters included in the article shall comply with the requirements of ISO/DIS 14451-8:2025, 4.9 unless the extraction of the igniter from the article is not possible without the need of specific tools, knowledge and/or methods.
4.1.1 Verification of design and documentation
4.1.2 Documentation
Documentation shall be complete as specified in ISO/DIS 14451-2:2025, 4.1.
4.1.3 Forbidden substances
Any of the following substances shall be forbidden from the pyrotechnic compositions:
— arsenic or arsenic compounds;
— polychlorobenzenes;
— mercury compounds;
— lead compounds (except for those included in ignition devices);
— white phosphorus;
— picrates or picric acid (except for those included in ignition devices).
4.1.4 Disposal
Safety Data Sheet shall include relevant information on disposal of the article. It is presupposed that information is given in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements.
4.2 Drop test
4.2.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.2.
If all micro gas generators/airbag gas generators contained within the seatbelt pretensioner are already successfully tested according to ISO/DIS 14451‑4:2025, 4.3 and ISO/DIS 14451‑5:2025, 4.3, these tests should be considered passed for the seatbelt pretensioner as well.
4.2.2 Acceptance criteria
No ignition of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
No spill out of the pyrotechnic composition from the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
4.3 Vibration and temperature test
4.3.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.3.
4.3.2 Acceptance criteria
No ignition of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
No spill out of the pyrotechnic composition from the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
4.4 Thermal humidity cycling test
4.4.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.4.
4.4.2 Acceptance criteria
No ignition of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
4.5 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test
4.5.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.5.
If all gas generators/igniters contained within the seatbelt pretensioner are already successfully tested according to ISO/DIS 14451‑4:2025, 4.6, ISO/DIS 14451‑5:2025, 4.6 and ISO/DIS 14451‑8:2025, 4.5, these tests should be considered passed for the seatbelt pretensioner as well.
4.5.2 Acceptance criteria
No ignition of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
4.6 Fire test
4.6.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.6 with the following heating rate and positions:
— Heating rate: 80 K/min.
The number of burners shall be adequate to the dimensions of the seatbelt pretensioner to completely engulf the seatbelt pretensioner by the flames.
— Position for seatbelt pretensioners:
The seatbelt pretensioner shall be tested in two positions. From all possible positions where the seatbelt pretensioner remains at rest without further support, one position shall be chosen with the pyrotechnic component closest to the grid and a second position shall be chosen with the pyrotechnic component farthest away from the grid.
4.6.2 Acceptance criteria
Only foreseeable fragmentation or foreseeable opening of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
4.7 Functioning test
4.7.1 Requirements
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be tested as specified in ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025, 4.9 with the seatbelt pretensioner without fixation.
When multi-stage seatbelt pretensioners are tested, the delay between ignition of stage 1 and the following stages shall be 5 ms or in accordance with the product specification or requirements.
If a high vertical displacement of any fragment or the article itself can be expected when functioning, one additional functioning test on an unexposed article shall be carried out as specified in ISO/DIS 14451-2:2025, 4.10.
4.7.2 Acceptance criteria
Only intended fragmentation or intended opening of the seatbelt pretensioner shall occur.
5.0 Test matrix for seatbelt pretensioners
Table 1 shows a test matrix which summarizes all tests in an overview. Test articles have been numbered from 1 to 12 for easier reference. The roman numbers in the Table indicate in which sequence the same article will undergo different examinations.
Table 1 — Test matrix
| Test methods of ISO/DIS 14451‑2:2025 | Requirements of ISO/DIS 14451‑7:2025 | Unexposed seatbelt pretensioners | Exposed seatbelt pretensioners | |||||
Article number |
|
| 1 to 3 | 4a | 5 | 6 to 7 | 8 to 10 | 11 | 12 |
Possibility to reuse the test from sub-level(s) article(s) for the assessment of the seatbelt pretensioner. |
|
| NO | NO | YES | NO | YES | NO | NO |
Verification of design and documentation | 4.1 | 4.2 | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |
Drop test | 4.2 | 4.3 |
|
|
|
| II |
|
|
Vibration and temperature test | 4.3 | 4.4 |
|
|
|
|
| II |
|
Thermal humidity cycling test | 4.4 | 4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| II |
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test | 4.5 | 4.6 |
|
| II |
|
|
|
|
Fire test | 4.6 | 4.7 |
|
|
| II |
|
|
|
Functioning test | 4.9 | 4.8 | II |
|
|
|
| III | III |
Functioning test with height measurement | 4.10 | 4.8 |
| IIa |
|
|
|
|
|
a Optional test see 4.8.1 | |||||||||
6.0 Categorization of seatbelt pretensioners
6.1 Categories
Seatbelt pretensioners shall be categorized as follows:
— Category P1: Seatbelt pretensioners that present a low hazard;
— Category P2: Seatbelt pretensioners that are intended for handling or use only by persons with specialist knowledge.
6.1.1 Acceptance criteria
The assignment to P1 or P2 shall be done according to the following criteria when tested under functioning test (see 4.8):
— P1 criterion: The distance from the initial location of the article to the first impact on the ground of the seatbelt pretensioners or any fragment shall be not more than 15 m and height of ejection shall be not more than 15 m.
— P2 criterion: If P1 criterion is not fulfilled.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential safety requirements of Directive 2013/29/EU aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/583 ”C(2022) 3011 final” to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2013/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 June 2013 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of pyrotechnic articles (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive 2013/29/EU, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and
Annex I of Directive 2013/29/EU
Essential Safety Requirements of Directive | Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN | Remarks/Notes |
1. | 4.8 | Note: It is taken into account that the intended purpose of the pyrotechnic article is to function in a vehicle in case of accidents |
2 | 4.2 |
|
3. 1st paragraph | 4.8 |
|
3. 2nd and 3rd paragraphs | 4.3 to 4.8 | Note: It is taken into account that the intended purpose of the pyrotechnic article is to function in a vehicle in case of accidents |
3. a) | 4.2 |
|
3. b) | 4.4, 4.5 |
|
3. c) | 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 |
|
3. d) | 4.5 |
|
3. e) | 4.5 |
|
3. f) | 4.4, 4.5 |
|
3. g) | 4.6 |
|
3. h) | 4.2 | Note: 4.2 covers partially this ESR |
3. i) | 4.3, 4.5 |
|
3. j) | Not covered |
|
3. Last paragraph | 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 |
|
4. a) | 4.1 |
|
4. b) | 4.1 |
|
4. c) | 4.1 |
|
5. A | Not applicable |
|
5. B. 1. | 4.8, 4.2, 6 |
|
5. B. 2. | Not covered |
|
5. B. 3. | 4.7 |
|
5. B. 4. | Not covered |
|
5. C.1. | 4.8 |
|
5. C.2. | 4.6 |
|
5. C.3.-5. C.5. | Not covered |
|
5. C. 6. | 4.2 |
|
5. C.7. | Not covered |
|
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.
Under Preparation at DIS stage ↑
