ISO/DIS 20957-10:2025(en)

ISO/TC 83

Secretariat: DIN

Date: 2025-11-06

Stationary training equipment — Part 10: Exercise bicycles with a fixed wheel or without a freewheel — Additional specific safety requirements and test methods

Équipement d'entraînement fixe — Partie 10: Bicyclettes d'exercice avec une roue fixe ou sans roue libre - Exigences spécifiques de sécurité et méthodes d'essai supplémentaires

© ISO 2025

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Contents

Foreword v

Introduction vi

1 Scope 1

2 Normative references 1

3 Terms and definitions 1

4 Classification 2

5 Safety requirements 3

5.1 External construction 3

5.1.1 Transmission elements, rotating parts, squeeze and shear points 3

5.1.2 Temperature of accessible surfaces 3

5.2 Loading 3

5.2.1 Seat pillar 3

5.2.2 Handlebar 3

5.2.3 Pedal 3

5.3 Seat pillar adjustment 4

5.3.1 General 4

5.3.2 Insertion depth 4

5.4 Handlebar 4

5.4.1 Handlebar stem adjustment 4

5.4.2 Insertion depth 4

5.5 Pedals 4

5.6 Stability 4

5.7 Locking system 4

5.8 Emergency braking system 5

5.8.1 Effectiveness 5

5.8.2 Actuator integrity 5

5.8.3 Visibility 5

5.9 Endurance for the pedal crank assembly 5

5.10 Foot clearance 5

5.11 Power display 5

5.12 Operation modes 5

5.13 Additional instructions for use 6

5.14 Additional marking 6

6 Test methods 6

6.1 General 6

6.1.1 Dimensional check 6

6.1.2 Visual examination 6

6.1.3 Performance test 6

6.2 Testing of transmission elements, rotating parts, squeeze and shear points 7

6.2.1 Crank and stationary parts of the construction 7

6.2.2 Other moving parts 7

6.3 Testing of temperature of accessible surfaces 7

6.4 Testing of loading 7

6.5 Testing of handlebars 7

6.6 Testing of stability 7

6.7 Testing of the emergency braking system 8

6.7.1 Testing of effectiveness 8

6.7.2 Testing of actuator integrity 8

6.8 Testing of the pedal crank assembly 8

6.9 Testing of the power display 9

6.10 Testing of locking system 10

7 Test report 10

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the safety requirements of Directive 2001/95/EC aimed to be covered 11

Bibliography 14

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 20957-10:2017), which has been technically revised.

The main changes are as follows:

— introduction added;

— formulation aligned with ISO 20957-1:2024;

— Clause 2 updated;

— Clause 3 modified to remove unused terms and definitions;

— “intrinsic loading” renamed to “loading”;

— Annex ZA added.

A list of all parts in the ISO 20957 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

This document concerns the safety of exercise bicycles without a freewheel. It amends and supplements ISO 20957‑1:2024. The requirements of this document take priority over those in ISO 20957-1:2024.

Stationary training equipment — Part 10: Exercise bicycles with a fixed wheel or without a freewheel — Additional specific safety requirements and test methods

This document specifies safety requirements for exercise bicycles with a fixed wheel or without freewheel that have an inertia of >0,6 kg·m². The requirements are in addition to the general safety requirements of ISO 20957‑1, with which ISO 20957-10 is intended to be read in conjunction.

Any attachment provided with the exercise bicycle with a fixed wheel or without a freewheel for the performance of additional exercises is subject to the requirements of ISO 20957‑1.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 13732‑1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces

ISO 20957‑1:2024, Stationary training equipment — Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods

EN 71‑1:2014+A1:2018, Safety of toys — Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20957-1:2024 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

3.1

flywheel

rotating mass designed to create inertia

3.2

freewheel

mechanism which is designed to disengage the flywheel (3.1) from the pedal mechanism in one direction

3.3

seat pillar

connection between the frame and the seat provided to adjust the height of the seat

3.4

seat tube

part of the frame where the seat pillar (3.3) is inserted

3.5

handlebar stem

connection between the frame and the handlebar provided to adjust the height of the handlebar

3.6

emergency brake

mechanism designed to stop the movement of the pedals in case of emergency

3.7

locking system

mechanism designed to immobilize any rotating part of the training equipment

The usage classes of ISO 20957‑1:2024 shall apply. Exercise bikes without a freewheel are not subject to accuracy classes and shall not be classified as class A, class B, or class C training equipment.

Figure 1 shows an example of a training equipment without a freewheel.

Key

1 handlebar

2 handlebar adjustment

3 resistance adjustment

4 emergency brake

5 resistance system (brake)

6 flywheel

7 seat

8 seat pillar

9 seat adjustment

10 seat tube

11 pedal crank

12 pedal

13 protective cover

14 frame

15 display (if provided)

Figure 1 — Example of an exercise bicycle without a freewheel

The test finger shall not become entrapped and shall not come into contact with moving parts which do not have a smooth surface.

Where the pedal cranks have a greater diameter than the stationary parts of the construction (e.g. protective cover or frame), the distance between the pedal cranks and the stationary parts of the construction shall be ≥10 mm.

This requirement does not apply

a) in the area 50 mm from the axis of the crank;

b) if the stationary parts of the construction have a greater diameter than the pedal crank.

Test in accordance with 6.1.1, 6.2.1 and 6.2.2.

If the flywheel is exposed, the exposed edges of the flywheel shall have a radius ≥2,5 mm.

Test in accordance with 6.1.1.

Accessible surfaces of the training equipment shall not have a temperature >65 °C.

Test in accordance with 6.3.

The seat pillar shall be tested in the most onerous position with a vertical load of 2,5 times the maximum user's body mass as specified in the user's manual or 2 500 N, whichever is greater.

Test in accordance with 6.4.

During the tests of the seat pillar, the training equipment shall not tip over. The clamped seat pillar shall not slip by more than 5 mm into the seat tube during the test. After the test, the training equipment shall not be broken or have visible signs of fracture or cracking and shall still function as intended.

The handlebar shall be tested with a vertical load of 1,5 times the maximum user's body mass specified in the user's manual or 1 500 N, whichever is greater.

The same handlebar shall then be tested with a horizontal load. The load shall be 0,5 times the maximum body mass as specified in the user's manual or 500 N, whichever is greater, applied horizontally in a forward direction.

After the test, the training equipment shall not be broken or have visible signs of fracture or cracking and shall still function as intended.

Test in accordance with 6.5.

The pedals shall withstand a load of 2,5 times the maximum user's body mass as specified in the user's manual or 2 500 N, whichever is greater.

Test in accordance with 6.8.

After the test, the training equipment shall not be broken or have visible signs of fracture or cracking and shall still function as intended.

For class S and class I exercise bicycles without a freewheel, the height of the seat and, if applicable, the horizontal position of the seat shall be adjustable without a tool.

For class H training equipment, if a tool is required to adjust the seat height, it shall be provided along with the equipment.

The seat pillar shall have a permanent mark indicating the minimum insertion depth of at least 1,5 times the cross-section reference dimension (e.g. diameter or longest diagonal use of a rectangular tube) into the seat tube. The mark is not required if the minimum insertion depth is given by the design.

Test in accordance with 6.1.1 and 6.1.2.

If the clamping mechanism of the horizontal adjustment becomes loose, the seat shall remain attached and support the user.

Test in accordance with 6.1.3.

The handlebar stem shall be adjustable or different grip positions shall be possible.

If a tool is required to adjust the handlebar stem, it shall be provided along with the equipment.

The handlebar stem shall have a permanent mark indicating the minimum insertion depth of at least 1,5 times the cross-section reference dimension (e.g. diameter or longest diagonal use of a rectangular tube) into the frame. The mark is not required if the minimum insertion depth is given by the design.

Test in accordance with 6.1.1 and 6.1.2.

If the clamping mechanism of the horizontal adjustment becomes loose, the handlebar shall remain attached and support the user.

Test in accordance with 6.1.3.

The pedals shall include retention means which retain the foot in a position preventing unintended movement.

Test in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.3.

The training equipment shall not tip over.

Test in accordance with 6.6.

Exercise bicycles without a freewheel for home use (class H) shall be equipped with a locking system.

The locking system shall be able to hold ≥100 Nm torque applied to the crankshaft. The crank shall not rotate >45° when loaded.

NOTE The locking system is provided to help prevent uncontrolled use or movement of any rotating parts of high inertia of the training equipment by persons, especially children.

Test in accordance with 6.10.

Exercise bicycles without a freewheel shall be equipped with an emergency brake. This brake shall be capable of bringing the training equipment to a stop (in both directions) within one complete revolution of the crank and can be activated with a downward applied force (push) of ≤100 N or an upward applied force (pull) of ≤50 N.

Test in accordance with 6.7.1.

For friction-based mechanical brake systems, the actuator shall withstand a load of (300 ± 5) N in the direction of movement of the actuator. For other types of brake systems (e.g. magnetic), the actuator shall withstand a load of five times the measured value required to trigger the brake system in the direction of movement of the actuator.

Test in accordance with 6.7.2.

After the test, the actuator shall not be broken or have visible signs of fracture or cracking and shall still function as intended.

The actuator shall be easily accessible and visible from the user's position.

The actuator of the emergency brake shall be coloured RED. If there is a background, the background shall be coloured YELLOW.

Test in accordance with 6.1.2.

The pedal crank assembly shall withstand a dynamic load of 75 % of the maximum user's body mass as specified in the user's manual or (750 ± 10) N, whichever is greater, for

a) 1 000 000 cycles at a frequency of ≤25 Hz for class S and class I, and

b) 120 000 cycles at a frequency of ≤25 Hz for class H.Test in accordance with 6.8.

The vertical distance between any rigid component of the pedal and the floor or the pedal and any frame member shall be ≥60 mm.

Test in accordance with 6.1.1 and 6.1.2.

For values ≥50 W, the accuracy of the power display shall be within the tolerance of ±10 % and for values of <50 W, the accuracy of the power display shall be within the tolerance of ±5 W.

Test in accordance with 6.9.

A constant power mode is not allowed.

A heart rate controlled mode is not allowed.

Test in accordance with 6.1.2.

In addition to the general instructions for use in ISO 20957‑1:2024, instructions for the safe use with at least the following information shall be given:

a) information on the risk caused by spinning pedals and/or exposed flywheel with the absence of a freewheel system;

b) instructions of the method required to operate the emergency brake;

c) instructions describing the method required to stop the rotation of the pedals and flywheel, and end the training;

d) instructions describing the operation of the locking mechanism for class H;

e) instructions to explain that class S training equipment shall always be used in a supervised environment;

f) instructions describing the requirement to use the foot positioning system described in 5.5;

g) for designs that do not ensure a minimum insertion depth of the handlebar and the seat, instructions to explain the importance of adjusting the handlebar and the seat to suit the user: “This adjustment shall not exceed the mark indicating the minimum insertion depth.”;

h) information about the accuracy of the power display in the speed range tested in accordance with 6.9.

Home use (class H) training equipment without freewheel shall be marked with a warning label instructing the user to lock the training equipment when not in use: "WARNING — Lock the equipment when not in use."

Class S training equipment without freewheel shall be marked with a warning label instructing that the equipment shall be used in a supervised environment: "WARNING — Use the stationary training equipment in a supervised environment."

All labels shall be placed in a visible position.

The measurement shall be done with appropriate measurement devices.

The visual examination shall be done under proper lighting.

The tested mechanism shall be actuated as intended.

A test finger according to ISO 20957‑1:2024, shall be inserted parallel to the axis of rotation with a tolerance of ±5°, in contact with the crank and the stationary parts of the construction (e.g. protective cover or frame). The test shall be carried out in the most onerous position with the crank rotated fully in both directions. Determine whether the test finger becomes entrapped. If the angle allows the test finger to be pushed away, it is not considered to be an entrapment.

If the protective cover is smaller than the rotated diameter of the crank at any point, the dimensional test according to 6.1.1 shall be carried out.

For class H, a test finger probe B in accordance with EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018 shall be approached from all sides to all moving parts other than the crank.

For class S and class I, a test finger according to ISO 20957‑1:2024 shall be approached to all moving parts other than the crank.

Determine whether the test finger becomes entrapped or whether it touches moving parts which are not smooth.

The measuring procedure shall be according to ISO 13732-1:2008, 5.4.

Pedal the training equipment at (200 ± 10) W with (60 ± 1) min¹ for three periods of (20 ± 1) min. After each period, rest for 5 min.

Within 2 min after the third period, measure the temperature of all exposed surfaces.

The test shall be carried out without the seat and in the most onerous position. Apply the static load as described in 5.2 for 5 min.

Determine the possibility of the training equipment tipping over and check against any breakage. Remove the load and determine the reference dimensions of the seat pillar.

Apply a downward vertical static load on one side of the handlebar as described in 5.2.2 in the most onerous position. Then apply a horizontal static load on one side of the handlebar in the forward direction.

Use an 80 mm wide belt to apply the load.

A test person with a body mass of (100 ± 5) kg and a body height of (1 850 ± 50) mm shall perform all of the exercises described in the user's manual on a incline slope in the most onerous direction for each of the following positions while pedalling at (80 ± 10) min⁻¹ for >30 s:

a) sitting with hands on the handlebars;

b) sitting upright with hands off the handlebars;

c) standing with hands on the handlebars.

The test person shall be secured (e.g. by a harness for safety reasons) and he/she shall try not to counter-balance the  incline slope.

Pedal the exercise bicycle without freewheel at (100 ± 10) min⁻¹ without resistance and activate the brake with the force in accordance with 5.8.1 and observe if the pedal crank comes to a stop within one revolution.

For button-type actuators, the force shall be applied in the centre of the actuator. For lever-type actuators, the force shall be applied at a distance of (25 ± 1) mm from the end of the lever.

Apply a load in accordance with 5.8.2 for ≥3 min in the most onerous position.

For the endurance test, fix the exercise bicycle frame complete with pedal crank assembly to a test rig and apply the load in accordance with 5.9 onto one pedal in its lowest position. The load shall be placed as shown in Figure 2.

During the test, ensure that the load on the pedal crank assembly falls to ≤5 % of the maximum load given in 5.9 before commencing application of the test loads on the pedal crank assembly again.

After the endurance test, apply the static load in accordance with 5.2.3 placed as shown in Figure 2.

Key

a width of the pedal

b length of the pedal

F force

Figure 2 — Testing of the pedal

The test apparatus shall have an accuracy of ±1 %. The mechanical power can be measured directly at the crank axis.

Carry out the test as follows.

a) Pedal the training equipment for 1 h at (400 ± 20) W or the maximum power (resistance), whichever is lower, at a speed of (70 ± 1) min⁻¹.

b) Cool down the training equipment to room temperature.

c) Adjust the training equipment to (50 ± 2,5) W at (50 ± 1) min⁻¹.

d) Compare the power of the test apparatus with the power read out on the display of the training equipment.

e) Pedal for 15 min. After 15 min, measure the power and compare again to the reading on the display without stopping the training equipment.

f) Cool down the training equipment to room temperature.

Then carry out the above procedure with the following values:

— (100 ± 5) W at (50 ± 1) min⁻¹;

— (150 ± 7,5) W at (60 ± 1) min⁻¹;

— (200 ± 10) W at (60 ± 1) min⁻¹;

— (300 ± 15) W at (70 ± 1) min⁻¹;

— (400 ± 20) W at (70 ± 1) min⁻¹;

— an additional free chosen value in the upper end of the speed range specified in the instructions for use, e.g. 80 min⁻¹ to 120 min⁻¹.

Engage the locking system as specified in the instructions for use .

Apply the torque in accordance with 5.7 to the crankshaft in forward direction for ≥30 s and measure the rotation angle of the crank.

Apply the torque in accordance with 5.7 to the crankshaft in rearward direction for ≥30 s and measure the rotation angle of the crank.

The test report shall include at least the information according to ISO 20957‑1:2024, as well as a reference to this document (i.e. ISO 20957‑10) and ISO 20957‑1:2024.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the safety requirements of Directive 2001/95/EC aimed to be covered

NOTE Annex ZA is not included in the final ISO publication.

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request Standardisation mandate issued to the European standardisation organisations (ESOs) to develop European standards for stationary training equipment “M/506” to provide one voluntary means of conforming to the safety requirements of Commission Decision (EU) No 476/2011 of 27 July 2011 implementing General Product Safety Regulation 2023/988/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to safety requirements for stationary training equipment.

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Regulation 2023/988/EU, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding safety requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.

Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Commission Decision (EU) No 476/2011 of 27 July 2011 implementing Regulation 2023/988/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to safety requirements for stationary training equipment and Commission’s standardization request Standardisation mandate issued to the European standardisation organisations (ESOs) to develop European standards for stationary training equipment ‘M/506’

WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this standard.

Bibliography

[1] Regulation (EU) No 2023/988 (General Product Safety Regulation)

[2] Directive 2006/121/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 amending Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances in order to adapt it to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) and establishing a European Chemicals Agency

[3] Directive 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)

[4] Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment

[5] Directive 2006/66/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 September 2006 on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators and repealing Directive 91/157/EEC

[6] Directive 2006/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the harmonisation of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits

[7] Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing Directive 89/336/EEC

[8] Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products