ISO/DIS 2551:2019(E)

ISO TC 219/WG 1

Secretariat: NBN

Textile floor coverings and textile floor coverings in tile form — Determination of dimensional changes due to the effects of varied water and heat conditions and distortion out of plane

Proposal DIS stage

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Contents

Foreword v

1 Scope 1

2 Normative references 1

3 Terms and definitions 1

4 Apparatus 2

4.1 Dimensional stability 2

4.1.1 Instrument capable of measuring a dimension to an accuracy of 0,05 mm, such as a slide gauge or measuring table or an opto-electronic system or optical bench. 2

4.1.2 Loading plate of metal or glass of dimensions slightly smaller than the test specimen, or any other device capable of keeping the specimen flat during measurement of dimensional change. 2

4.2 Distortion out of plane 2

4.2.1 Instrument capable of measuring in the vertical dimension to an accuracy of 0,5 mm. 2

4.2.2 Support plate of dimensions slightly larger than the test specimen on which to place the specimen during measurement. 2

4.3 Steel pins, or other appropriate means of indicating the reference points on the test specimen, if necessary 2

4.4 Drying oven with forced ventilation able to maintain a temperature of 60 °C ± 2 °C containing removable shelves of smooth inert material with perforations to permit free circulation of air. 2

4.5 Container to hold water at 20 °C ± 2 °C, of dimensions at least 20 mm greater than the test specimen and deep enough to permit the specimen to be submerged. 2

5 Sampling and preparation of specimens 2

5.1 For textiles floor coverings 2

5.1.1 Sampling 2

5.1.2 Number and dimensions 2

5.2 For tiles 2

5.2.1 Tiles of dimensions ≤ 500 mm 2

5.2.2 Tiles of dimensions > 500 mm 2

6 Conditioning 3

7 Test procedure 3

7.1 Initial measurements for textile floor coverings 3

7.1.1 Distortion out of plane 3

7.1.2 Dimensional stability 3

7.2 Initial measurements for tiles 3

7.2.1 Distortion out of plane 3

7.2.2 Dimensional stability 3

7.3 Test procedure 3

7.3.1 Place the test specimen in the oven at 60 °C ± 2 °C so that air can circulate freely around the specimen. After 2 h remove the specimen and perform the measurements in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the oven. 4

7.3.2 Immerse the test specimen flat in the water at 20 °C ± 2 °C. After 2 h remove the specimen taking care not to distort it (e.g. as a result of its weight). The excess of water is removed by use of blotting paper, care has to be taken so as not to distort the sample. Perform the measurements in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the water. 4

7.3.3 Place each test specimen in the oven with the use surface uppermost at 60 °C ± 2 °C for 24 h then perform the measurements described in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the oven. 4

7.3.4 Re-condition the specimen in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles for 48 h or until constant mass. After conditioning measure the distortion out of plane for the tiles and/or textile floorcoverings as follows: 4

7.3.5 Then measure the dimensions of the specimen as indicated in 7.1.1 or for tiles 7.2.2 4

8 Expression of results 4

8.1 Dimensional stability 4

8.2 Distortion out of plane 4

9 Test Report 5

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 219, Floor Coverings.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 2551:1981), which has been technically revised.

The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

— widening of the scope to include the testing of textile floor covering tiles.

A list of all parts in the ISO 2551‑ series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Textile floor coverings and textile floor coverings in tile form — Determination of dimensional changes due to the effects of varied water and heat conditions and distortion out of plane

This International Standard specifies a procedure for the determination of the dimensional changes and distortion out of plane likely to take place when textile floor coverings and tiles are subjected to varied water and heat conditions.

The method is applicable to all textile floorcoverings and textile floor coverings in tile form.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

ISO 1957, Machine-made textile floor coverings — Selection and cutting of specimens for physical tests

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/

3.1

dimensional stability

determination of changes in the flat dimensions of a specimen after treatment with various specified conditions of moisture and heat

3.2

distortion out of plane

measurement of the vertical deformation shown by the specimen after treatment with various specified conditions of moisture and heat

4.1 Dimensional stability

4.1.1 Instrument capable of measuring a dimension to an accuracy of 0,05 mm, such as a slide gauge or measuring table or an opto-electronic system or optical bench.

4.1.2 Loading plate of metal or glass of dimensions slightly smaller than the test specimen, or any other device capable of keeping the specimen flat during measurement of dimensional change.

4.2 Distortion out of plane

4.2.1 Instrument capable of measuring in the vertical dimension to an accuracy of 0,5 mm.

4.2.2 Support plate of dimensions slightly larger than the test specimen on which to place the specimen during measurement.

4.3 Steel pins, or other appropriate means of indicating the reference points on the test specimen, if necessary.

4.4 Drying oven with forced ventilation able to maintain a temperature of 60 °C ± 2 °C containing removable shelves of smooth inert material with perforations to permit free circulation of air.

4.5 Container to hold water at 20 °C ± 2 °C, of dimensions at least 20 mm greater than the test specimen and deep enough to permit the specimen to be submerged.

Select the specimens according to the directions in ISO 1957.

Take at least three test specimens each measuring not less than 250 mm × 250 mm, noting the direction of manufacture.

Take at least three tiles as delivered by the manufacturer, marking to show the direction of manufacture.

From these tiles take at least three specimens and reduce the size to dimensions not greater than 500 mm × 500 mm.

Condition the test specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles as defined in ISO 139 for at least 48 h or until constant mass.

Make all measurements on the conditioned specimen. Place each specimen with the use surface on the flat support (4.2.2). Measure the vertical distance between the support plate and the secondary backing, measure this distance in each direction and in the position where it is greatest with the apparatus in 4.2.1, or at various places along each edge (edge curl).

Make all measurements on the conditioned specimen when it is completely flat; this can be achieved by use of the support plate (4.2.2) or other means·.

On the conditioned specimen, measure the distance between the edges parallel to the direction of manufacture and between the edges at right angles to the direction of manufacture, each at two locations approximately 200 mm apart. If required by the method of measuring adopted, mark the pair of reference points, for example by the use of steel pins (4.3) ,approximately 200 mm apart on the edge parallel to the direction of manufacture and also on the edge at right angles to the direction of manufacture. Make all measurements of the specimen to the nearest 0,05 mm.

For the determination of the dimensional stability, it is important to measure the backing, the measuring system will determine whether it should be positioned face upwards or downwards.

Make all measurements on the conditioned specimen. Place each specimen with the use surface on the flat support (4.2.2). Measure the vertical distance between the support plate and the secondary backing, measure this distance in each direction and in the position where it is greatest with the apparatus in 4.2.1, or at various places along each edge (edge curl).

For the determination of the dimensional stability, it is important to measure the backing, the measuring system will determine whether the tiles should be positioned face upwards or downwards.

Keeping the conditioned specimen flat with the loading plate (4.1.2), measure the distance between the sides parallel to the direction of manufacture then between the sides perpendicular to the direction of manufacture in at least two different places. Measure to the nearest 0,05 mm with the apparatus in 4.1.1

The same test specimen should be treated consecutively by all of the following procedures or in some cases for a complaint only 1 stage (7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.3 or 7.3.4) can be followed.

7.3.1 Place the test specimen in the oven at 60 °C ± 2 °C so that air can circulate freely around the specimen. After 2 h remove the specimen and perform the measurements in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the oven.

7.3.2 Immerse the test specimen flat in the water at 20 °C ± 2 °C. After 2 h remove the specimen taking care not to distort it (e.g. as a result of its weight). The excess of water is removed by use of blotting paper, care has to be taken so as not to distort the sample. Perform the measurements in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the water.

7.3.3 Place each test specimen in the oven with the use surface uppermost at 60 °C ± 2 °C for 24 h then perform the measurements described in 7.1.2 or for tiles 7.2.2 at an interval of (5 ± 1) min from the time of removal from the oven.

7.3.4 Re-condition the specimen in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles for 48 h or until constant mass. After conditioning measure the distortion out of plane for the tiles and/or textile floorcoverings as follows:

place each specimen with the use surface on the flat support (4.2.2). Measure the vertical distance between the support plate and the secondary backing, measure this distance in each direction and in the position where it is greatest with the apparatus in 4.2.1, or at various places along each edge (edge curl).

7.3.5 Then measure the dimensions of the specimen as indicated in 7.1.1 or for tiles 7.2.2

Calculate the dimensional change averaging (over the measured specimens) for each direction and each stage of the procedure and express as a percentage by the following equation to 0,1 %:

Calculate the dimensional change and express as a percentage of the mean by the following equation percentage:

where

Indicate the result with a - if it is a shrinkage and a + if it is an increase.

Whenever possible the results may be expressed in the form of a graph.

Normally this is done only for tiles but is some cases it can be asked for broadloom carpets.

For each specimen and for each direction express the distortion out of plane by the distance measured in 7.2.5.

The difference between the original and measured result can’t be ≥ 2 mm for measured sample.

The test report shall include the following information:

a) a statement that the procedure was conducted in accordance with ISO 2551, and details of any operations not included, or optional;

b) complete identification of the product tested including type, source and the manufacture reference numbers;

c) previous history of the sample;

d) mention if tiles are reduce in size;

e) values calculated in Clause 8;

f) description of the final appearance of the test specimen including indications of the degree of buckling, saucering, doming, curling, and other changes;

g) details of the measuring instrument used;

h) any deviation from this International Standard which may have affected the results.